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Microbio Ex 1 > Ex 2- Herpesvirus & Papillomavirus- Middleton > Flashcards

Ex 2- Herpesvirus & Papillomavirus- Middleton Flashcards

1
Q

HSV-1 is waist _____and HSV-2 is waist _______

A
  • up

- down

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2
Q

What is the genome of herpes virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, HPV?

A

dsDNA

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3
Q

What is the virion for herpes virus, cytomegalovirus and epstein-barr virus?

A

enveloped

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4
Q

The virion for HPV is __________

A

nonenveloped

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5
Q

HSV-1 & 2 are members of what virus family?

A

alphaherpesvirus

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6
Q

What are the key characteristics of alphaherpesvirus?

A
  • variable host range
  • short reproduction cycle
  • raid spread in culture
  • efficient destruction of infected cells
  • capacity to establish latency in sensory ganglia
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7
Q

How is HSV-1 transmitted?

A
  • oral-oral

- oral-genital

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8
Q

Nearly ____ of adults are seropositive for HSV-1

A

2/3rds

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9
Q

How is HSV-2 alphaherpesevirus transmitted?

A
  • genital-genital

- oral-genital

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10
Q

HSV-2 is more prevalent with ______ activity

A

sexual

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11
Q

Approximately _____ of adults are infected with HSV-2

A

1/5

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12
Q

HSV primarily infects ______ cells in the skin or muscosa

A

epithelial

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13
Q

Cells of the _______ are more susceptible to HSV

A

mucosa

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14
Q

What is the incubation time for HSV?

A

-2-14 days

typically 4-5 days

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15
Q

What are the symptoms of HSV?

A
  • flu like;

- localized lesions (virus spreads to neighboring cells primarily)

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16
Q

__/3 of people infected with HSV are asymptomatic

A

2/3

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17
Q

What is the duration of HSV?

A

8-12 days

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18
Q

How does HSV induce latency?

A

genome circularizes in stationary cells and stays as an episome in the nucleus

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19
Q

______ ______ are common sites of latent infections

A

peripheral ganglia

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20
Q

What are the triggers for a latent HSV infection?

A

sunburn, systemic infection, immune impairment, stress

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21
Q

______ _______ immune response is required to combat alphaherpes virus (HSV)

A

cell mediated (T cells)

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22
Q

What are the methods used to prevent alphaherpes virus?

A

avoid contact (ie kissing, sex) during active herpes recurrence

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23
Q

What is used to treat alphaherpes virus?

A
  • Acyclovir used to limit virus replication

- will not eliminate latent infections

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24
Q

What are the key characterisitics of Betaherpesvirus?

A
  • restricted host range
  • long reproductive cycle
  • slow progression in cell culture
  • *enlargement of infected cells (cytomeglia)
  • carrier cultures
  • latent infection in variety of tissues
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25
Q

Betaherpesvirus has a ______ reproductive cycle and a _____ progression in cell culture

A
  • long

- slow

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26
Q

What is the prototypical virus that is a member of the betaherpesvirus?

A

-cytomegalovirus (CMV)

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27
Q

Gammaherpesvirus has a _______ host range and targest ___ & ____ lymphocytes

A
  • restricted

- B & T

28
Q

Gammaherpesvirus causes _____ infections and latency in ______ tissues

A
  • lytic

- lymphoid

29
Q

What is a prototypical member of the gammaherpesvirus?

A

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

30
Q

_____ and ____ viruses are associated with mononucleosis

A

CMV (cytomegalovirus) & EBV (epstein barr virus)

31
Q

The _____ virus is associated with carcinoma

A

EBV

32
Q

The most common childhood cancer in equatorial africa is ______ lymphoma

A

Burkett’s

33
Q

Where does Burkett’s lymphoma cause tumors?

A

jaw, eye socket, ovaries

34
Q

______ lymphoma has 3 types

A

Hodgkin’s

35
Q

What are the 3 types of Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

A
  • nodular sclerosing (NL)
  • Mixed cellularity (MC)
  • lymphocyte depleted (LD)
36
Q

EBV is present in 60-90% of ___ & ___ tumors and 20-40 % of ___ tumors

A
  • MC & LD

- NL

37
Q

What are the 3 antiviral host responses to immune evasion by beta/gammaherpesvirus?

A

intrinsic
innate
adaptive

38
Q

The function of _______ antiviral host response is to block cell death and inhibit apoptosis

A

intrinsic

39
Q

The function of _____ antiviral host response is to decrease NK cell activity and inhibit NK receptor activation

A

innate

40
Q

The function of ______ antiviral host response is to decrease antigen presentation, degrade MHC class I & III, block MHC class II & T cell receptor interactions

A

adaptive

41
Q

____ is persists in hematopoietic progenitor cells an macrophages in vitro

A

CMV

42
Q

CMV is a ______ persistent infection, not latency and is controlled by healthy, active immune system

A

chronic

43
Q

EBV persists in the genome of _____ ___ cells

A

memory B

44
Q

Virus ______ ensure B cell proliferation and EBV genome replication

A

proteins

45
Q

Beta/gammaherpesviruses are ______

A

common

46
Q

Beta/gammaherpesvirus infections are usually self limiting in _____ ______ individuals

A

immune competent

47
Q

What are the three methods of treating Beta/gammaherpesvirus?

A
  • antivirals
  • immunoprophylaxis
  • no vaccines
48
Q

______ is the passive transfer of antibodies for prevention of CMV infection, transfer of EBV-specific T lymphocytes

A

immunoprophylaxis

49
Q

What is the genome of HPV (human papillomavirus)?

A

circular dsDNA

50
Q

The virion of human papillomavirus is _______

A

non-enveloped

51
Q

HPV gains access through ________ of skin to establish infection in the ______ layer

A
  • abrasion

- basal

52
Q

Cell _______ is required for genome replication

A

polymerase

53
Q

Virus production occurs in ______ cells and non-lytic viruses are released with dead cell _______

A
  • differentiating

- shedding

54
Q

How is HPV transmitted?

A

direct skin-to-skin contact, fomites

55
Q

What blocks HPV usually?

A
  • normal skin is very strong barrier but abrasions allow for entry
56
Q

______ _____ are more susceptible to HPV

A

mucous membranes

57
Q

HPV is _______ to environmental stresses; allows transmission of ______

A
  • hardy

- fomites

58
Q

What are the symptoms of HPV?

A
  • warts at site of infection

- manifest slowly

59
Q

___% of HPV symptoms regress on their own in 2 years

A

50

60
Q

____ ______ is a rare, sometimes lethal complication of HPV infection that occurs through a respired virus a

A

respiratory papillomatosis

61
Q

HPV can cause oncogenesis leading to _____ cancer

A

cervical

62
Q

HPV requires actively ______ cells to replicate and produce progeny

A

replicating

63
Q

E7 blocks _________ protein that causes continued cell proliferation

A

retinoblastoma (Rb)

64
Q

___ blocks p53 tumor suppressor pathway

A

E6

65
Q

What are the treatments and prevention for HPV?

A
  • ablative treatment ( liquid nitrogen, surgery, laser, chemicals)
  • vaccination (Gardisil)
66
Q

Gardasil protects against HPV- __, ___, ___, & ___

A

6, 11, 16, 18

Microbio Ex 1 (18 decks)

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