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Microbio Ex 1 > Ex 2- Herpesvirus & Papillomavirus- Middleton > Flashcards

Ex 2- Herpesvirus & Papillomavirus- Middleton Flashcards

1
Q

HSV-1 is waist _____and HSV-2 is waist _______

A
  • up

- down

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2
Q

What is the genome of herpes virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, HPV?

A

dsDNA

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3
Q

What is the virion for herpes virus, cytomegalovirus and epstein-barr virus?

A

enveloped

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4
Q

The virion for HPV is __________

A

nonenveloped

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5
Q

HSV-1 & 2 are members of what virus family?

A

alphaherpesvirus

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6
Q

What are the key characteristics of alphaherpesvirus?

A
  • variable host range
  • short reproduction cycle
  • raid spread in culture
  • efficient destruction of infected cells
  • capacity to establish latency in sensory ganglia
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7
Q

How is HSV-1 transmitted?

A
  • oral-oral

- oral-genital

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8
Q

Nearly ____ of adults are seropositive for HSV-1

A

2/3rds

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9
Q

How is HSV-2 alphaherpesevirus transmitted?

A
  • genital-genital

- oral-genital

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10
Q

HSV-2 is more prevalent with ______ activity

A

sexual

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11
Q

Approximately _____ of adults are infected with HSV-2

A

1/5

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12
Q

HSV primarily infects ______ cells in the skin or muscosa

A

epithelial

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13
Q

Cells of the _______ are more susceptible to HSV

A

mucosa

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14
Q

What is the incubation time for HSV?

A

-2-14 days

typically 4-5 days

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15
Q

What are the symptoms of HSV?

A
  • flu like;

- localized lesions (virus spreads to neighboring cells primarily)

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16
Q

__/3 of people infected with HSV are asymptomatic

A

2/3

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17
Q

What is the duration of HSV?

A

8-12 days

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18
Q

How does HSV induce latency?

A

genome circularizes in stationary cells and stays as an episome in the nucleus

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19
Q

______ ______ are common sites of latent infections

A

peripheral ganglia

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20
Q

What are the triggers for a latent HSV infection?

A

sunburn, systemic infection, immune impairment, stress

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21
Q

______ _______ immune response is required to combat alphaherpes virus (HSV)

A

cell mediated (T cells)

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22
Q

What are the methods used to prevent alphaherpes virus?

A

avoid contact (ie kissing, sex) during active herpes recurrence

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23
Q

What is used to treat alphaherpes virus?

A
  • Acyclovir used to limit virus replication

- will not eliminate latent infections

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24
Q

What are the key characterisitics of Betaherpesvirus?

A
  • restricted host range
  • long reproductive cycle
  • slow progression in cell culture
  • *enlargement of infected cells (cytomeglia)
  • carrier cultures
  • latent infection in variety of tissues
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25
Betaherpesvirus has a ______ reproductive cycle and a _____ progression in cell culture
- long | - slow
26
What is the prototypical virus that is a member of the betaherpesvirus?
-cytomegalovirus (CMV)
27
Gammaherpesvirus has a _______ host range and targest ___ & ____ lymphocytes
- restricted | - B & T
28
Gammaherpesvirus causes _____ infections and latency in ______ tissues
- lytic | - lymphoid
29
What is a prototypical member of the gammaherpesvirus?
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
30
_____ and ____ viruses are associated with mononucleosis
CMV (cytomegalovirus) & EBV (epstein barr virus)
31
The _____ virus is associated with carcinoma
EBV
32
The most common childhood cancer in equatorial africa is ______ lymphoma
Burkett's
33
Where does Burkett's lymphoma cause tumors?
jaw, eye socket, ovaries
34
______ lymphoma has 3 types
Hodgkin's
35
What are the 3 types of Hodgkin's lymphoma?
- nodular sclerosing (NL) - Mixed cellularity (MC) - lymphocyte depleted (LD)
36
EBV is present in 60-90% of ___ & ___ tumors and 20-40 % of ___ tumors
- MC & LD | - NL
37
What are the 3 antiviral host responses to immune evasion by beta/gammaherpesvirus?
intrinsic innate adaptive
38
The function of _______ antiviral host response is to block cell death and inhibit apoptosis
intrinsic
39
The function of _____ antiviral host response is to decrease NK cell activity and inhibit NK receptor activation
innate
40
The function of ______ antiviral host response is to decrease antigen presentation, degrade MHC class I & III, block MHC class II & T cell receptor interactions
adaptive
41
____ is persists in hematopoietic progenitor cells an macrophages in vitro
CMV
42
CMV is a ______ persistent infection, not latency and is controlled by healthy, active immune system
chronic
43
EBV persists in the genome of _____ ___ cells
memory B
44
Virus ______ ensure B cell proliferation and EBV genome replication
proteins
45
Beta/gammaherpesviruses are ______
common
46
Beta/gammaherpesvirus infections are usually self limiting in _____ ______ individuals
immune competent
47
What are the three methods of treating Beta/gammaherpesvirus?
- antivirals - immunoprophylaxis - no vaccines
48
______ is the passive transfer of antibodies for prevention of CMV infection, transfer of EBV-specific T lymphocytes
immunoprophylaxis
49
What is the genome of HPV (human papillomavirus)?
circular dsDNA
50
The virion of human papillomavirus is _______
non-enveloped
51
HPV gains access through ________ of skin to establish infection in the ______ layer
- abrasion | - basal
52
Cell _______ is required for genome replication
polymerase
53
Virus production occurs in ______ cells and non-lytic viruses are released with dead cell _______
- differentiating | - shedding
54
How is HPV transmitted?
direct skin-to-skin contact, fomites
55
What blocks HPV usually?
- normal skin is very strong barrier but abrasions allow for entry
56
______ _____ are more susceptible to HPV
mucous membranes
57
HPV is _______ to environmental stresses; allows transmission of ______
- hardy | - fomites
58
What are the symptoms of HPV?
- warts at site of infection | - manifest slowly
59
___% of HPV symptoms regress on their own in 2 years
50
60
____ ______ is a rare, sometimes lethal complication of HPV infection that occurs through a respired virus a
respiratory papillomatosis
61
HPV can cause oncogenesis leading to _____ cancer
cervical
62
HPV requires actively ______ cells to replicate and produce progeny
replicating
63
E7 blocks _________ protein that causes continued cell proliferation
retinoblastoma (Rb)
64
___ blocks p53 tumor suppressor pathway
E6
65
What are the treatments and prevention for HPV?
- ablative treatment ( liquid nitrogen, surgery, laser, chemicals) - vaccination (Gardisil)
66
Gardasil protects against HPV- __, ___, ___, & ___
6, 11, 16, 18

Microbio Ex 1 (18 decks)

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