Endocrine Flashcards
Lack of thyroxine in children may result in
Crentinism
The target site for thyroid stimulating hormone is/are
Follicular cells of the thyroid
Increased calcitonin reduces the blood concentration of
Ca++
Kidney stones are commonly seen in hyperparathyroidism
True
A childhood disorder where the epiphyseal plate is over stimulated results from excessive production of
GH
Hormones
Are chemical messengers
May be steroids
May be proteins or amino acid derivatives
Have target tissues
When levels of thyroxine and T3 are optimal this will cause?
Decreased production of TRH and TSH
The hormones concerned with calcium metabolism are
PTH and CT
Parathyroid hormone and calcuo
Hypersecretion of GH in adults produces
Acromegaly
An increase in the rate of protein synthesis especially by the cells in the skeletal and muscular systems is an important effect of
GH
Along the thyroid hormones T3, is the more potent hormone
True
Which of the following causes release of ACTH
CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone)
Which hormone would increase blood pressure?
ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
Naturally occurring hormones in the body act by
Binding to receptors on the cell surface or inside of the cell
A woman in prolonged labor is diagnosed as having weak uterine contractions. The most probable cause could be
Insufficient production of oxytocin
As a rule , hormone contractions are usually controlled by
Negative feedback systems
Which hormones are gonadotropins?
FSH and LH
Which hormone has a destructive effect on the skeletal system?
Parathormone (bone remodeling)
Diabetes insipidus occurs as a result of
Hyposecretion of ADH
When a person loses a great deal of blood due to hemorrhage, the blood pressure drops. In attempt to raise blood pressure which of the following hormones will be secreted?
ADH and epinephrine
What pair of hormones has antagonistic actions?
Aldosterone -ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide)
Which hormones are considered to be long and short term stress hormones?
Cortisol, epinephrine
When would insulin be secrete
After a largeeal
Glucose levels in the blood are very low for a long time. Under these conditions which hormones would stimulate the production of new glucose for other noncarbohydrate molecules
Cortisol, glucagon
What hormone increases the uptake of glucose by skeletal muscle and adipose tissue
Insulin
What causes Addison’s disease?
Hyposecretion of Aldosterone and cortisol
What causes Cushing’s syndrome
Hypersecretion of cortisol
Tumur of the suprarenal medulla can cause
Hypertension
What can cause graves disease
Hypersecretion of thyroxine
The stimulus for the release of glucagon is
Low blood pressure
Type 1 diabetes
Patients are usually thin, often seen in younger age groups, treated with insulin injections
Blood sugar drops a couple hours after eating. What hormone would cause an increase in blood glucose because of this stimulation?
Glucagon
As a general response to stress, the blood concentrations of
Epinephrine and cortisol rise
What would not be a generic action of hormones?
Promote phagocytosis (cell eating)
Hyposecretion of insulin may result in
Diabetes mellitus
Pepsinogen a digestive enzyme is secreted by the
Chief cells of the stomach
The ducts that deliver bile and pancreatic juice from the liver and pancreas respectively unite to open into the
Hepatopancreatic ampulla