Elimination Reaction of Haloalkanes

Question 1

What is the elimination of hydroxie ions?

Answer 1

= Pottasium (sodium) hydroxide dissolved in ethanol

Question 2

What are the conditions for the elimination reaction of haloalkanes using hydroxide ions?

Answer 2

= heated under reflux
= no water present in reactants, the hydroxide ion acts a base
= hydrogen and halogen are eliminated from the haloalkane
= hydrogen and bromine must be from adjacent atoms
= products: alkene, pottasium or sodium halogen and water

Question 3

What is the mechanisms for this reaction?

Answer 3

= lone pair of electrons from the oxygen atom forms a covalent bond with a hydrogen in the haloalkane- can have 1 bond so the electron pair between hydrogen and carbon move to the carbon atom so it is a double bond
= electron pair with carbon and halogen move to the halogen