ECare - Chapter 27 (Chest and Abdominal Trauma) Flashcards
chest injuries
blunt trauma, penetrating objects, and compression
flail chest
fracture of two+ ribs in 2+ places that allow for free movement of fractured segment
paradoxical motion
movement of ribs in a flail segment that is opp to direction of movement of rest of chest cavity
patient care: flail chest
- primary assessment
- oxygen
- ventilations (opt)
- noninvasive positive pressure ventilation
- monitor
sucking chest wound
open chest wound where air is sucked into the cavity
patient care: open chest wound
- maintain open airway
- seal open chest
- apply occlusive dressing
- oxygen
- shock
- transport
occlusive/flutter-valve dressing
taped on 3 of 4 corners to allow air to escape but not come in
pneumothorax
air in chest cavity
tension pneumothorax
air entering chest cavity can’t escape
hemothorax
chest cavity fills with blood
hemopneumothorax
chest cavity fills with air and blood
traumatic asphyxia
sudden compression of the chest forcing blood into head/neck
cardiac tamponade
injury to heart causing blood flow into pericardial sac; signs include distended neck veins
aortic dissection
inner layer of the wall of the aorta begins to tear
commotio cordis
trauma to chest when heart is vulnerable leading to cardiac arrest
patient care: injuries within the chest cavity
- maintain open airway
- oxygen
- dressing open wounds
- shock
- transport
evisceration
intestine or other internal organ protruding through a wound in the abdomen
patient care: abdominal injury
- keep airway open
- patient supine, legs flexed at knees
- oxygen
- shock
- no food/drink
- monitor vitals
- transport
open injuries:
- control external bleeding and dress wounds
- sterile dressing moistened with sterile saline over wound
- stabilize impaled objects
