ECare - Chapter 27 (Chest and Abdominal Trauma)

Question 1

chest injuries

Answer 1

blunt trauma, penetrating objects, and compression

Question 2

flail chest

Answer 2

fracture of two+ ribs in 2+ places that allow for free movement of fractured segment

Question 3

paradoxical motion

Answer 3

movement of ribs in a flail segment that is opp to direction of movement of rest of chest cavity

Question 4

patient care: flail chest

Answer 4

1. primary assessment
2. oxygen
3. ventilations (opt)
4. noninvasive positive pressure ventilation
5. monitor

Question 5

sucking chest wound

Answer 5

open chest wound where air is sucked into the cavity

Question 6

patient care: open chest wound

Answer 6

1. maintain open airway
2. seal open chest
3. apply occlusive dressing
4. oxygen
5. shock
6. transport

Question 7

occlusive/flutter-valve dressing

Answer 7

taped on 3 of 4 corners to allow air to escape but not come in

Question 8

pneumothorax

Answer 8

air in chest cavity

Question 9

tension pneumothorax

Answer 9

air entering chest cavity can’t escape

Question 10

hemothorax

Answer 10

chest cavity fills with blood

Question 11

hemopneumothorax

Answer 11

chest cavity fills with air and blood

Question 12

traumatic asphyxia

Answer 12

sudden compression of the chest forcing blood into head/neck

Question 13

cardiac tamponade

Answer 13

injury to heart causing blood flow into pericardial sac; signs include distended neck veins

Question 14

aortic dissection

Answer 14

inner layer of the wall of the aorta begins to tear

Question 15

commotio cordis

Answer 15

trauma to chest when heart is vulnerable leading to cardiac arrest

Question 16

patient care: injuries within the chest cavity

Answer 16

1. maintain open airway
2. oxygen
3. dressing open wounds
4. shock
5. transport

Question 17

evisceration

Answer 17

intestine or other internal organ protruding through a wound in the abdomen

Question 18

patient care: abdominal injury

Answer 18

1. keep airway open
2. patient supine, legs flexed at knees
3. oxygen
4. shock
5. no food/drink
6. monitor vitals
7. transport

open injuries:

8. control external bleeding and dress wounds
9. sterile dressing moistened with sterile saline over wound
10. stabilize impaled objects