Earth Science First Test

Question 1

Geology

Answer 1

Study of the solid Earth

Question 2

Meteorology

Answer 2

Study of Earth’s atmosphere (gases)

Question 3

Oceanography

Answer 3

Study of Earth’s oceans

Question 4

Astronomy

Answer 4

Study of Earth’s surroundings in space

Question 5

Observation

Answer 5

Information gathered through the use of the five senses

Question 6

Instrument

Answer 6

Tool which extends the senses by comparing to a known standard

Question 7

Inference

Answer 7

A conclusion drawn based on observations

Question 8

Prediction

Answer 8

An inference about future events

Question 9

Classification

Answer 9

Scientists organize observations in a meaningful way by grouping objects with similar characteristics

Question 10

Matter

Answer 10

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 11

Mass

Answer 11

The amount of matter in a substance (number of particles in a substance)

Question 12

Volume

Answer 12

Amount of space an object takes up

Question 13

Direct

Answer 13

As independent variable increases, dependent variable increases

Question 14

Indirect

Answer 14

As independent variable increases, dependent variable decreases

Question 15

Cyclic

Answer 15

As independent variable increases, dependent variable changes in a predictable pattern

Question 16

Non-cyclic

Answer 16

No pattern to occurrences and are difficult to predict (examples: volcanic eruptions, earthquakes)

Question 17

Static

Answer 17

As independent variable increases, dependent variable remains the same (horizontal line)

Question 18

Scientific Notation

Answer 18

Uses powers of 10 to express numbers that would be more difficult to write or read using standard decimal numbers

Question 19

Rate of Change

Answer 19

How fast or slow a change occurs

Question 20

How to solve for Rate of Change

Answer 20

Rate of change =
change in value/time =
number and unit/number and unit =
number and unit/time unit

Question 21

Density

Answer 21

A measure of the amount of matter (mass) within a given space (volume)

(how tightly packed particles are within a given space)

Question 22

When pressure is added, density _______

Answer 22

Increases, because it becomes more compressed so the volume decreases and it’s more packed in a small space

Question 23

What factors do not affect density?

Answer 23

Size and shape

Question 24

Water’s temperature as a solid

Answer 24

Less than 0 degrees Celsius

Question 25

Water’s temperature as a liquid

Answer 25

Between 0 and 100 degrees Celsius

Question 26

Water’s temperature as a gas

Answer 26

Greater than 100 degrees Celsius