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8th and 9th Grade > Middle Ages Study Guide > Flashcards

Middle Ages Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the Eastern Roman Empire located?

A

Middle East and parts of North Africa, on the Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea, and sits on a strait

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2
Q

What connection did the Byzantine Empire have with the Roman Empire?

A

Carried forward their government ideas and culturally viewed themselves as the continuation of the Roman Empire

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3
Q

What was the significance of Constantinople’s location?

A

Good for trade, promoting cultural diffusion and diversity

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4
Q

Who was Emperor Justinian?

A
  • Took over early in the Byzantine Empire
  • Built the Hagia Sophia and Hippodrome
  • Reclaimed North Africa and the Italian peninsula
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5
Q

What was the Nika Rebellion?

A

Response to high taxation by Justinian; quelled when Justinian had the rebels killed in the Hippodrome

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6
Q

What is the Hagia Sophia?

A

Largest church building at the time, with massive dome ceilings, Christian symbols, and a symbol of wealth

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7
Q

What was the Justinian Code?

A

Legal code of the Byzantine Empire that provided centralized government and clear laws

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8
Q

What is Eastern Orthodox Christianity?

A

A branch of Christianity with the Byzantine emperor at the top, and a patriarch in charge of the church

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9
Q

What caused the schism in Christianity?

A

Political divide between the Byzantine emperor and the pope regarding authority

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10
Q

Who are the Slavs?

A

People who lived in early Russia, north of the Byzantine Empire and south of Nordic Vikings

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11
Q

What influence did the Byzantine Empire have on early Russia?

A

Tremendous cultural influence, including architecture, alphabet, and religion

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12
Q

What is the Cyrillic Alphabet?

A

A derivative of the early Byzantine empire alphabet

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13
Q

Who was Vladimir?

A

Brought Eastern Christianity to Russia and unified his people by converting them

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14
Q

What did Yaroslav the Wise do for early Russia?

A

Brought written laws and property laws to legitimize Russia

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15
Q

What caused the decline of Kiev?

A

Raided by Mongolians, leading to destruction and looting

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16
Q

What was the impact of the Mongols on Russia?

A

Destroyed the Russian economy, isolated them from trade, and set them behind by 300 years

17
Q

What was the significance of Moscow during the rise of power in Russia?

A

Became the center of power after the Mongols moved the center from Kiev

18
Q

Who was Alexander Nevsky?

A

Russian nobleman who quelled rebellion against the Mongols

19
Q

What did Ivan III declare himself?

A

Czar (Caesar) after defeating the Mongols and establishing a centralized government

20
Q

What are the Middle Ages also known as?

A

Dark Ages, Age of Feudalism, and Age of Faith

21
Q

What was the impact of the fall of Rome?

A

Disruption of trade, downfall of cities, population shifts, decline of learning, loss of common language

22
Q

What characterized the government during the early Middle Ages?

A

Decentralized government with lords and vassals

23
Q

How did Christianity impact the Middle Ages?

A

Served as a unifying force, provided moral code, and involved in political affairs

24
Q

Who were the Franks?

A

Germanic tribe that invaded Gaul and settled there, eventually converting to Christianity

25
Q

What was the significance of the Battle of Tours?

A

Affirmed Christianity as the religion of Europe, led by Charles Martel

26
Q

Who was Charlemagne?

A

Peppin’s son, attempted to unify Western Europe and was named emperor by the pope

27
Q

What led to the rise of feudalism?

A

Viking invasions drove peasants to seek protection from lords

28
Q

What is manorialism?

A

The economic side of feudalism, a self-sufficient system where a manor includes everything for survival

29
Q

Who is at the top of the feudal society pyramid?

A

King and Queen

30
Q

Who are vassals in feudal society?

A

Lords who have sworn loyalty to a higher authority

31
Q

What role do bishops play in feudal society?

A

Advisors to kings and political figures in the church

32
Q

What is the role of knights?

A

Serve their lords, own land, and are professional soldiers

33
Q

What are fiefs?

A

Land given by the king

34
Q

What is a manor?

A

The estate where a noble lives

35
Q

What is the structure of the church?

A

Pope, Cardinals, Bishops, Priests, and Monks

36
Q

What are some reasons for the church’s power and influence?

A

Canon Law, Lay Investiture, Showdown at Canossa, Simony

37
Q

What are the styles of cathedrals?

A

Romanesque and Gothic

8th and 9th Grade (46 decks)

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