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8th and 9th Grade > Rome Review > Flashcards

Rome Review Flashcards

1
Q

geographical impacts on rome

A

warm weather
peninsula
mediterranean sea - trade
location (center of italy)
broad fertile plains

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2
Q

who were the early settlers

A

etruscans (early patricians)

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3
Q

etruscans impact on shaping the city

A
  1. alphabet from greeks
  2. arch in construction
  3. engineering techniques to drain the lands along the tiber
  4. etruscan gods and goddesses and merged them with the roman religion
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4
Q

start of the roman republic

A

romans drove out their etruscan ruler

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5
Q

in early republic, _____ made all laws and controlled the government

A

senate

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6
Q

who was in the senate

A

300 patricians

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7
Q

consul

A

an official appointed by a government to live in a foreign city and protect and promote the government’s citizens and interests there.

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8
Q

the senator’s job

A
  • nominated two consuls from patricians
  • supervised the business of government
  • command the armies

(similar to president)

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9
Q

what might the senate do in the event of a war

A

choose a dictator (ruler who has complete control over government)

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10
Q

each dictator was granted power to rule for __________

A

6 months

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11
Q

no dictators took advantage of _______, did what was best for the well being of the Republic

A

power

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12
Q

cincinnatus

A

roman farmer chosen to be dictator

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13
Q

what did cincinnatus do

A

he was admired because he organized an army, led romans to victory

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14
Q

plebeians forced the senate to

A

choose plebeians as consuls, admit plebeians as members of the senate.

this made rome’s government more democratic

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15
Q

3 social groups

A

patricians, plebeians, slaves

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16
Q

subjects

A

people conquered by rome, not citizens but allowed to maintain their local government and traditions if they pay their taxes

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17
Q

slaves

A

people owned by romans, forced to work either in the fields or in the home

make up 1/3 of total population and do almost all the work

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18
Q

tribunes

A

an official in ancient rome chosen by plebeians to protect their interests

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19
Q

what could tribunes do

A

they could veto or block laws that they thought were harmful to plebeians

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20
Q

rome’s marketplace

A

the forum

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21
Q

why were the 12 tables created

A

plebeians argued that the citizens didn’t know what the laws were because they weren’t written down

22
Q

what did the laws of the 12 tables make possible for plebeians

A

it made it possible for plebeians to appeal a judgement handed down by a patrician judge

23
Q

role of women

A
  • played a bigger role in society than greek women
  • could own property and run a business.
  • most women worked at home, raising their families
24
Q

military unit

A

legion

25
Q

dictator

A

elected during crisis, absolute control for up to 6 months

26
Q

fight between rome and carthage

A

punic wars

27
Q

hannibal

A

led carthage army in second punic war

28
Q

effects of punic war

A
  • rome is now the regional power
  • carthage is destroyed
  • rome has imperialism
29
Q

problems of roman republic (decline of the republic)

A
  • senate and political leaders both wanted to rule
  • political leaders wanted to weaken senate
30
Q

tiberius and gaius gracchus

A
  • patrician brothers
  • reformers (made changes to improve rome)
  • murdered by patricians
  • starts the civil war
  • both tribunes
31
Q

julius caesar

A

military commander

32
Q

why was julius caesar famous

A

famous for conquering gaul

33
Q

julius caesar was named dictator for ____

A

life

34
Q

how did julius caesar die

A

he was stabbed to death by senators

35
Q

what did people do because they were scared of caesar’s fame

A

pompey persuaded the senate to order caesar to disband his army and return to rome.

caesar defied this order, crushed pompey and his supporters, then forced the senate to make him dictator

36
Q

triumvirate

A

3 men working together to run the government

37
Q

mark antony

A

loyal friend of caesar and his chief general

ends up in egypt and falls in love with cleopatra

38
Q

octavian

A

caesar’s grandnephew

39
Q

what does octavian take advantage of

A

antony’s absence, becomes the only person in charge. he gets the title “augustus” from the senate after he defeats antony

40
Q

reforms of julius caesar

A
  • he launched a program of public works to employ the jobless
  • gave public land to the poor
  • granted citizenship to more people
  • most important reform was the introduction to the new calendar
41
Q

where and how did julius caesar die

A

murdered on the senate floor

42
Q

augustus’ economic reforms

A
  • ordered a census (population count) of the empire to make the tax system more fair
  • set up a postal service and issued new coins to make trade easier
  • he put the jobless to work building roads and temples and sent others to farm
43
Q

the death of an emperor often led to __________

A

intrigue and violence

44
Q

how long did pax romana last

A

200 years

45
Q

road system in rome benefits

A
  • all roads lead to rome
  • encourages trade, leads to rome’s success
  • provides easy and fast travel for military
46
Q

bread and circuses

A

there are many holidays, supplied with free food, money, and entertainment

why are they needed- people didn’t think about being unemployed and very poor

47
Q

rome decline

A
  • invasians
  • rise of christianity
  • lack of faith in govt and emperor
  • mercenaries start to fight for rome
48
Q

diocletian

A

emperor of rome who divided the empire into east and west to rule the territory more effectively

49
Q

509 BC

A

founding of the roman republic

50
Q

27 BC - 188 AD

A

pax romana

51
Q

322 AD

A

legalization of christianity by emperor constantine

52
Q

476 AD

A

fall of western empire of rome

8th and 9th Grade (37 decks)

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