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8th and 9th Grade > The Middle Ages + Feudalism > Flashcards

The Middle Ages + Feudalism Flashcards

1
Q

age of faith

A

christianity was an important part of europe

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2
Q

what happened to the roman empire

A

it fell apart

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3
Q

________ is the only thing holding them together

A

christianity

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4
Q

disruption of ______

A

trade

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5
Q

the roman army is no longer

A

there to protect borders, invaders came in from the east, disrupting trade

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6
Q

what happens to money

A

it becomes less important

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7
Q

what were the invaders like

A

not as advanced as romans, not being able to administer the cities, leading to a decline in population

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8
Q

what led to a decline in learning

A

the germanic people didn’t have a written language so they didn’t embrace the learning culture of the romans

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9
Q

where were young people more important

A

more important in the fields than in the classroom

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10
Q

what happened to the language

A

there was a loss of a common language

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11
Q

what led to the loss of a common language

A

as the germanic people mixed with the romans, the latin language began to change and french, spanish and italian had emerged by 800

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12
Q

over time, the roman states are replaced by

A

germanic kingdoms, the government changes

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13
Q

what was the german government based on

A

family ties, personal loyalty, completely different than the ideas of laws in rome

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14
Q

gaul and the franks emerged and took control, with their leader ________

A

clovis

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15
Q

clovis, leader of the franks fears

A

defeat against the rival army, he prays to the christian god for help and is victorious

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16
Q

what do clovis and his men do because they are victorious

A

he and his men are baptized by the bishop

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17
Q

how did clovis being christian affect the people

A

they began to convert

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18
Q

why did the church send out missionaries

A

to spread the religion

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19
Q

pope

A

the leader of the catholic church

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20
Q

who does the pope believe he is responsible for

A

all christians

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21
Q

why does the pope think he’s more important than every king

A

because he makes sure every christian. has the chance to go to heaven since he has direct contact with god

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22
Q

clovis created the _______, which covered most of france

A

merovingian dynasty

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23
Q

by 700 the dynasty was ruled by

A

the major domo

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24
Q

who was the major domo

A

mayor of the palace, who was in charge of all aspects of the kingdom

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25
Q

who was the major domo in 732

A

charles “the hammer” martel

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26
Q

what did charles martel do

A

expanded the kingdom, defeated the muslim army at the battle of tours, halting muslim expansion in western europe

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27
Q

charles martels son

A

repin the short

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28
Q

what did repin the short do

A

worked with the church to gain more power

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29
Q

what was repin the short anointed by the pope as

A

king by the grace as god

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30
Q

charlegmane

A

greatest leader of the franks

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31
Q

charlemagne promoted

A

learning

32
Q

what does the pope crown charlemagne

A

crowns him the emperor, (more significant than king)

33
Q

who does charlemagne pass his power to

A

his son, louis the pious

34
Q

what happens when charlemagne passes power to his son

A

the empire falls epart

35
Q

what does louis the pious do to the empire

A

divides it up

36
Q

what happens to the many divided areas of western europe

A

vikings, magyars, and muslims invade, steal goods from, kill, and destroy them

37
Q

feudalism

A

a social system that existed in europe during the middle ages in which people worked and fought for nobles who gave them protection and the use of land in return

38
Q

feudal obligation pyramid

A
  1. church/pope/god
  2. kings/monarchs
  3. nobility/lords
  4. knights and vassals
  5. serfs and peasants
39
Q

serfs

A

peasants on a manor, bound to the land but couldn’t be bought and sold like slaves

40
Q

many nobles began training in boyhood for a future occupation as a

A

knight, or mounted warrior

41
Q

what are the 4 parts of a manor

A

arable land, meadow land, waste land, and the village

42
Q

why was chess developed in the middle ages

A

developed by noble families to reinforce the social pyramid

43
Q

in chess, no matter what happens you must _________

A

protect the king

44
Q

benedictine rule

A

rules for monasteries and monks

45
Q

papal supremacy

A

popes saying they have power over the church + rulers

46
Q

canon law

A

the laws of the church

47
Q

excommunication

A

people getting banished from the church when not obeying laws

48
Q

interdict

A

stopped people from getting church privileges

49
Q

a parish priest’s duties included

A

administering sacraments and helping the needy

50
Q

monks in monasteries worked as

A

farmers, missionaries, and scholars

51
Q

the role of popes in the middle ages

A

spiritual leaders who also exercised secular power

52
Q

st francis of assisi and st dominic founded

A

orders of friars

53
Q

who did the kings and upper lord take to teach how to become a knight

A

the lower lords’ oldest son

54
Q

what age do you become a knight

A

21

55
Q

what do knights have to swear to do

A

protect the king and stay loyal

56
Q

what is the job of noble women

A

get married

57
Q

can younger siblings be a knight?

A

sometimes they were, but they wouldn’t get all the things the oldest would get

58
Q

what class was the knights

A

nobles

59
Q

what did the knights do

A

their full time job was learning how to use weapons, no reading and writing

60
Q

describe the knights

A

wealthy, had horses, swords, battle axes

61
Q

why are blacksmiths important

A

they can give people an edge

62
Q

what was the purpose of war games

A
  1. practice
  2. form of entertainment for peasants (bread + circuses)
  3. won money; expanded noble name
63
Q

code of chivalry

A

unwritten code that shaped how knights acted

64
Q

when couldn’t knights fight

A

holy days

65
Q

the castle

A

the center of the manor and the knights world

66
Q

castles were meant to _______

A

keep people out

67
Q

how did women need to be treated at all times

A

protected, looked at, taken care of, worshipped

68
Q

noble women were seen as perfect, but why were they “stuck”

A

it became almost impossible for them to do anything because they were stuck on a pedestal

69
Q

what were the 3 paths women could take

A
  1. get married and have a family
  2. become a nun
  3. be a prostitute
70
Q

knights are given land in return for

A

the loyalty to whoever they swore to

71
Q

how long is one pope for

A

lifetime, voice of god on earth

72
Q

cardinal

A

bishops who elect pope, very political, has great power

73
Q

bishops

A

in charge of an area, advisor to the king, and maintains the churches in his area. also has great power

74
Q

clergy/priest

A

runs a local parish in town. seen as the “face of the church.” also collects tithe from serfs

75
Q

monks

A

priests who live in a monastery as a group, takes vows of poverty. hand copies manuscripts and bibles

8th and 9th Grade (46 decks)

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