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Immunology > E2: L19 immune response in space/time > Flashcards

E2: L19 immune response in space/time Flashcards

1
Q

___ ___ circulate moving into the tissues from the blood, scanning for Ag.

A

naive lymphocytes

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2
Q

after naive lymphocytes are activated in the secondary lymphatic location, they return to the heart and are re-circulated throughout the body

A
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3
Q

__ and ___ cells travel into secondary lymph organs, such as lymph nodes, prior to antigen exposure.

A

T and B

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4
Q

T and B cells travel into ___ lymph organs, such as lymph nodes, prior to ___ exposure.

A

secondary, antigen

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5
Q
  1. T and B cells leave the blood and enter a lymph node.
  2. T cells browse the fibroblastic reticular cell (FRC) network.
  3. B cells travel to follicles and browse follicular DCs.
  4. DCs and other APCs are scanned on the FRC, and antigen enters the subscapsular sinuses.
  5. T and B cell
A
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6
Q

macrophages can present an ___ in the lymph node

A

antigen

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7
Q

Lymphocytes gain entry into the splenic ___ pulp via
distinct homing mechanisms.

A

white

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8
Q

what are the secondary lymphatic structures? what are the primary lymphatic structures?

A
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9
Q

In the absence of infection: naïve T cells browse for antigen in: the paracortex of ____ node;
T zone in ___
___ cells browse the follicles in both lymph node

A

lymph, spleen, B

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10
Q

naïve ___ cells browse for antigen in the paracortex of lymph node;
T zone in spleen
___ cells browse the follicles in both lymph no

A

T, B

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11
Q

Innate immune cells are activated by Ag binding to ____

A

PRRs

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12
Q

PRR stands for

A

pattern-recognition
receptors

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13
Q

how do antigens specifically get to lymph node and spleen.
can travel on ___ cells or as ___ antigens

A

dendritic, unprocessed

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14
Q

___ cells have to have a cell to cell connection

A

T

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15
Q

___ cells bind unprocessed Ag in lymph node.

A

B

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16
Q

unprocessed antigen is also known as a ___ antigen

A

soluble

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17
Q

___ cells scan lymph node for Ag peptides bound to MHC
molecules.

A

T

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18
Q

unprocessed antigens are on the dendritic cell which have not processed that protein yet. Are on the way to becoming PRR, but not there yet.

A
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19
Q

Blood-borne antigen is primarily picked up in what organ

A

spleen

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20
Q

Blood-borne Ag captured by specialized ____ at the marginal
zone of the spleen.

A

APCs

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21
Q

APCs stand for

A

Antigen presenting cells

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22
Q

Once activated, B cells:
A. present antigen to dendritic cells in the paracortex.
B. recognize antigen presented on T cells in the subcapsular sinus.
C. migrate toward the paracortex to interact with T cells.
D. leave the secondary lymph organ and return to the bone marrow.
E. attract neutrophils into the lymph node via chemokine release.

A
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23
Q

Once activated, antigen-presenting ___ cells enter lymph node, travel to paracortex.

A

Dendritic

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24
Q

DCs stand for

A

dendritic cells

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25
Q

to activate a T cell:
only happens through contact with an ____ ___ cell

A

antigen presenting

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26
Q

to activate a B cell:
___ antigen can activate them

A

soluble

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27
Q

CD__ __ T cells and B cells become activated in the lymph node following initial antigen exposure.

A

4+

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28
Q

T cells need antigen presenting cells, and are most effective if they have a ___ T cell

A

helper

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29
Q

CD4+ T cells and B cells become activated in the lymph node following initial ___ ___.

A

antigen exposure

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30
Q

CD___ __ T cells activated in lymph nodes via a multicellular interaction.

A

8+

31
Q

CD8+ activated cells become ____cells

A

cytotoxic

32
Q

cytotoxic response is also called the __ ___ response

A

cell mediated

33
Q

CD8+ T cells activated in lymph nodes via a ___ ___

A

multicellular interaction

34
Q

T and B cells work best when cross talking with a ___ cell presenting the antigen and a __ ___ cell

A

dendritic, T Helper

35
Q

Naïve CD8+ T cells activation may require a three-cell interaction between an ___ that is binding to ___ and ___ T cells simultaneously.

A

APC, CD8+, CD4+

36
Q

once cells are activated is to move to the infection site via the ___ lymphatic vessel.

A

efferent

37
Q

Plasma cells travel to different sites.
* early ___ producers move to lymph node medulla.
* ___ producers often move to bone marrow.
* ___ producers localize to mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), especially at the gut.

A

IgM
IgG
IgA

38
Q

Plasma cells travel to different sites.
* early IgM producers move to lymph node ___.

A

medulla

39
Q

Plasma cells travel to different sites.
IgG producers often move to __ ___.

A

bone marrow

40
Q

Plasma cells travel to different sites.
IgA producers localize to ___, especially at the gut.

A

MALT

41
Q

___ and ___ T cells travel to multiple organs and sites of infection.

A

effector, memory

42
Q

intracellular pathogens tend to trigger type __ responses.

A

1

43
Q

____ pathogens tend to trigger type 1 responses.

A

intracellular

44
Q

worms and large extracellular pathogens trigger type __ responses.

A

2

45
Q

___ and ___ extracellular pathogens trigger type 2 responses.

A

worms, large

46
Q

___ and some ___ trigger type 3 responses.

A

fungi, bacteria

47
Q

Fungi and some bacteria trigger type ___ responses.

A

3

48
Q

When a lymphocyte engages Ag, → ___ and ___.

A

proliferation, differentiation

49
Q

within how much time do the B cells process and present antigens on their own MHC molecules.

A

hours

50
Q

pathogen-specific antibodies are found within ___ days

A

10

51
Q

at same time B cells are processing and presenting antigens on their own MHC molecules, the CD8+ T cells engage DCs and CD4+ T cells to differentiate into ___ ___.

A

cytotoxic lymphocytes

52
Q

about ___ days for memory and cytotoxic cells to develop

A

7

53
Q

resonate memory cells, once out in the body, stay in the ___ tissues

A

peripheral

54
Q

____ receptors regulate immune cell travel to skin, gut, bone marrow, and other locations

A

Homing

55
Q

Homing receptors regulate immune cell ___ to skin, gut, bone marrow, and other locations.

A

travel

56
Q

___ cells are critical to secondary response to pathogen challenge

A

memory

57
Q

___ cell populations increase over an individual’s lifetime and are dominant in older individuals.

A

memory

58
Q

AICD stands for

A

activation induced cell death

59
Q

During an immune response, lymphocytes can expand their population ____-fold.

A

1,000

60
Q

Lymphocyte expansion is followed by contraction where only ____-___ of the lymphocyte pool remains.

A

5%-10%

61
Q

PRRs trigger ___-____ cytokine production.

A

pro-inflammatory

62
Q

T sub n stands for

A

Naive T cell

63
Q

T sub e stands for

A

effector T cell

64
Q

T sub em stands for

A

effector memory cell

65
Q

T sub cm stands for

A

central memory cell

66
Q

T sub rm stands for

A

resident memory cell

67
Q

after leaving the secondary lymphoid tissue, T cells can travel to what 4 locations?

A

skin, lungs, bone marrow, intestines

68
Q

0-5 days after infection is the ___ immune response

A

innate

69
Q

5 days after infection is the ___ immune response

A

adaptive

70
Q

the primary antibody immune response is from ___ to __ days

A

0-21 days

71
Q

the secondary antibody immune response starts after __ days

A

21

72
Q

the primary immune response is about __ cells

A

B

73
Q

the secondary immune response is about __ cells

A

memory

Immunology (21 decks)

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