Dorsum of the foot (dave's notes)

Question 1

What is the cutaneous nerve supply to the skin on the dorsum of the foot?

Answer 1

Superficial peroneal nerve (+ deep peroneal, saphenous and sural).

Question 2

Describe the venous drainage of the foot.

Answer 2

Large veins from a dorsal venous arch receive blood from marginal interosseous tributaries from the sole.

Question 3

What vein does blood from the medial side of the foot drain to? What about the lateral side?

Answer 3

Medial drains to the great saphenous vein

Lateral drains to the small saphenous vein.

Question 4

What is the course of the superficial peroneal nerve?

Answer 4

This nerve surfaces at the middle of the leg, passing down over the peronei to medial lateral branches supplying skin of the dorsum of the foot.

Question 5

What area does the lateral branch of the superficial peroneal nerve supply? What about the medial branch?

Answer 5

Lateral: 3rd,4th, 5th and cleft

Medial Great toe, second and cleft

Question 6

What is the cutaneous nerve supply to the 1st cleft between the great toe and second toe?

Answer 6

The deep peroneal nerve

Question 7

Describe the subcutaneous tissue and fascia of the foot

Answer 7

Contains very little fat. The deep fascia binds down the underlying tendons.

Question 8

What prevents bowstringing of tendons in the foot?

Answer 8

A y-shaped thickening beneath ??the deep fascia (inferior extensor retinaculum)

Question 9

What are the attachments of the inferior extensor retinaculum?

Answer 9

Arises from the anterior surface of teh upper part of the calcaneus. Two limbs diverge, upper to the medial malleolus, lower to bend with the plantar aponeurosis.

Question 10

What encloses all extensor tendonds of the foot?

Answer 10

A synovial sheath.

Question 11

What is the origin and insertion of extensor digitorum brevis?

Answer 11

Origin: Superior surface of anterior calcaneus
Insertion: Four tendons into the proximal phalanx of the big toe and long extensor tendons to toes 2,3,4

Question 12

What is the action and innervation of extensor digitorum brevis?

Answer 12

Action: Extends the toes when foot is fully dorsiflexed.
Innervation: Deep peroneal nerve.

Question 13

What does the anterior tibial artery become? Where does this run? What does it run between? With what does it anastomose?

Answer 13

Becomes dorsalis pedis. Runs to the base of the first intermetatarsal space. The passes further down into teh sole where it joins teh lateral plantar artery. Lies between the tendon of EHL and the digital branch of the peroneal nerve.

Question 14

What are the branches of the anterior tibial artery?

Answer 14

Lateral tarsal
Arcuate artery (dorsal metatarsal arteries)
First dorsal metatarsal artery

Question 15

What the course of the deep peroneal nerve?

Answer 15

Crosses teh tibia lateral to the artery mideway between the malleoli deep to the tendons.