Ankle joint, tarsal joints, inversion and eversion of the foot (dave's notes) Flashcards
What type of joint is the ankle joint?
A hinge joint with a moving axis of ratation, casulated with a synovial membrane.
Describe teh ligaments of the ankle joint.
A dstrong medial ligament (The deltoid is in deep (narros) and superficial (triangular) parts) and lateral ligmaent (3 separate bands: anterior to talus, inferior to calcaneus, and posterior to talus).
What is the blood supply to the ankle?
From the anterior and posterior tibial arteries and the peroneal artery.
What is the nerve supply to the ankle?
The deep peroneal and tibial nerves.
Describe the general shape of the talus. Which part of the talus is in contact with the tibia in full plantar flexion?
Broad in front and narrow behind. Therefore in full plantarflexion the smallest part of the talus is in contact with the tibia.
In full plantar flexion, is the foot slightly inverted or everted?
Slightly inverted.
What muscles enable plantarflexion? What muscles enable dorsiflexion?
Plantarflexion is via gastrocnemius and soleus. Dorsiflexion is via tibialis anterior and peroneus tertius.
List the tarsal joints.
Talocalcaneal
Talocalcaneonavicular
Calcaneocuboid
Where is the talocalcaneal joint? Where is the talocalcaneonavicular joint? What are its components? what type of joint is this?
Talocalcaneal joint is posterior
Talocalcaneonavicular joint is more anterior, with a T-C and a T-N component. Ball (talus) and socket (2 bones) variety.
What type of joint is the calcaneocuboid joint?
This is a separate joint, of the synovial capsulated variety.
What covers the short plantar ligament?
The long plantar ligament.
What muscles produce inversion of the foot?
Any muscle attached to the medial side of the foot - tibialis anterior and posterior.
What muscles produce eversion of the foot?
Muscles attached laterally: Peroneus longus, brevis and tertius.
