Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > DNA > Flashcards

DNA Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Adenine can form only with

A

ThyminE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Hydrogen bonds can form only between

A

Certain base pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Guanine can form only with

A

Cytosine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is base pairing

A

When hydrogen bonds can form only between certain base pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why A=T And G=C

A

For every adenine in a double-stranded DNA molecule there had to be exactly one find me molecule; for each site is the molecule there was one wanting molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Prokaryotic cells lack

A

Nuclei and many of the organelles found in eukaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the location of DNA in prokaryotic cells

A

Cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the cells chromosome

A

Most prokaryotes have a single cellular DNA molecule that contains nearly all of the cells genetic information and this large DNA molecule is referred to as the cells chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Eukaryotic DNA is generally located in the

A

Cell nucleus in the form of a number of chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Is the sentence true or false? Most prokaryotes contain a single, circular DNA molecule

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Do all organisms have the same number of chromosomes

A

No the number of chromosomes very widely from one species to the next

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

is the following sentence true or false? The E. coli chromosome is longer than the diameter of an individual E. coli bacteria

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are chromatin

A

Eukaryotic chromosomes contain both DNA and protein, tightly packed together to form a substance called chromatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do chromatin consist of

A

DNA that is tightly coiled around proteins called histones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do the DNA and histone molecules form

A

A bed like structure called a nucleosome. Nucleosomes pack with one another to form a thick fiber, which is shortened by a system of loops and coils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why are individual chromosomes visible only during mitosis

A

During most of the cell cycle these fibers are disbursed into the nucleus so that individual chromosomes are not visible. During mitosis however the fibers of each individual chromosomes are drawn together forming the tightly packed chromosomes you can see through a light microscope in dividing cells.

16
Q

Are changes in chromatin structure and histone DNA-binding associated with changes in gene activity

A

Yes

17
Q

What are nucleosome’s and their function

A

They seem to be able to fold enormous lengths of DNA into the tiny space available in the cell nucleus. This is such an important function at the histone proteins them selves have changed very little during evolution probably because mistakes in DNA folding could harm the cells ability to reproduce

18
Q

Each strand of the DNA double helix has

A

All the information needed to reconstruct the other half by the mechanism of base pairing

19
Q

The DNA molecule______ or unzips into two strands

A

Separates

20
Q

Each strand serves as a_____ or model to produce new strands

A

Template

21
Q

Two new_____ strands are produced, following the rules of _______

A

Complementary

Base pairing

22
Q

Is the following sentence true or false? Eukaryotic chromosomes DNA replication begins at a single point in the chromosomes and proceeds into directions

A

False

23
Q

The site where DNA replication and separation occur are called

A

Replication forks

24
Q

What occurs when a molecule of DNA is unzipped

A

Hydrogen bonds between the base pairs are broken and the two strands of the molecule unwind

25
Q

What is the complementary strand of bases for a strand with the bases TACGTT

A

ATGCAA

26
Q

Is the following sentence true or false? Each DNA molecule resulting from replication has one original strand and one new strand

A

True

27
Q

List two major roles of DNA polymerized in the process of DNA replication

A

Joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule

Proofreads each new DNA strand helping to maximize the odds that each molecule is a perfect copy of the original DNA

28
Q

What is helicase

A

An enzyme that unwinds the double helix by technically slicing apart the loose hydrogen bonds

29
Q

Is the top strands of the double helix called

A

The leading strand

30
Q

What is the bottom strand of the double helix called

A

The lagging strand

31
Q

His DNA polymerase

A

An enzyme that adds matching nucleotides to the main stem all the way down the molecule

32
Q

DNA polymerase can only copy strands in the

A

5’—3’ direction

33
Q

What is DNA licase

A

Little fragments get joined by DNA ligase- seals the nicks between Okazaki fragments, SSPBS, and fall away DNA recoils

34
Q

What are the 3 things that make up nucleic acids

A

Carbon sugar molecule
Phosphate group
1 of 4 nitrogen bases

35
Q

What is deoxyribose

A

The sugar molecule that makes up part of DNA

Biology (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions