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Biology > Body Structure Part 1 > Flashcards

Body Structure Part 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are cells

A

Basic unit of life

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2
Q

What are cell types

A

Become different an embryo: do specialized functions

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3
Q

What is tissue

A

Group of cells with the same function

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4
Q

What are the four major types of tissue

A

Epithelia
Connective
Nervous
Muscle

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5
Q

What is epithelial tissue

A

Sheets of tightly packed cells that cover the body or line internal organs

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6
Q

Example of epithelial tissue

A

Skin, lining of organs multiple types in organs

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7
Q

What is connective tissue

A

Support and connect tissues and organs

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8
Q

Example of connective tissue

A

Cushion, insulate, and connects organs

Bones cartilage fat blood loose connective tissue

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9
Q

What is nervous tissue

A

Transmits signals in the body in response to changes in the environment

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10
Q

What is a neuron

A

The basic unit of a nervous tissue

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11
Q

What is the muscle tissue

A

Aid in the movement of an organism as well as the transport of blood and food

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12
Q

Which type of tissue can be voluntary or involuntary

A

Muscle

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13
Q

What is a voluntary muscle

A

Are able to be controlled by your own well, these include the skeletal muscles

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14
Q

What are involuntary muscles

A

Work without in conscious control of the organism these tissues include the cardiac tissue of the heart as well as the smooth muscle tissue in many other organisms

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15
Q

What is an organ

A

Several tissues that do a job together

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16
Q

What is an example of an organ

A

Eye, stomach, heart

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17
Q

What is an organ system

A

A unit of multiple organs that together perform a vital body function

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18
Q

What are the organ systems

A 
Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
Lymphatic
Circulatory
Integument
Skeletal
Muscular
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19
Q

What is the function of the integument organ system

A

Covers and protects body
Regulate temperature
Excrete waste

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20
Q

Function of the digestive system

A

Receives food, converts there molecules into forms that can pass through cell membranes, and eliminates materials that are not consumed

21
Q

What does the digestive system include

A

Mouth, tongue teeth salivary gland’s esophagus stomach liver gallbladder pancreas small and large intestines

22
Q

What is the function of the circulatory system

A

Transports oxygen and nutrients hormones and waste

23
Q

What is the function of the nervous system

A

Send receives and interprets signals

24
Q

What are the main organs of the nervous system

A

Brain
spinal cord
nerves and
sensory organs

25
Q

What are the main organs in the circulatory system

A

Heart

blood vessels

26
Q

What is homeostasis

A

Conditions of maintaining a stable internal environment in an organism

27
Q

How is homeostasis maintained

A

Negative feedback

28
Q

What is negative feedback

A

Body’s response to stimulus that opposes the original ____

29
Q

What is irritability

A

Ability of a cell to respond to its environment

30
Q

In multicellular organisms the ______ and _____ Control the regulation and coordination of responses

A

Nervous and endocrine systems

31
Q

What is CNS

A

Central nervous system

32
Q

What is PNS

A

Peripheral nervous system

33
Q

The organs of the nervous system are divided into the

A

Central and peripheral

34
Q

Nonstructured

A 
Cell body
Dendrites
Axon
Myelin sheaths 
Axon terminal
35
Q

What is the cell body

A

Contains the organelles usually found in cells

36
Q

What are the dendrites

A

Small branches that provide receptive surface and send signal toward the cell body

37
Q

What is the axon

A

Arises from the cell body to pass the electrical signal, this signal is made by passing potassium and sodium ions across the membrane in an action potential

38
Q

What is myelin sheaths

A

May cover the axon to increase the speed of the action potential

39
Q

What is an axon terminal

A

Where electrical signals are passed to the next neuron as a synapse

40
Q

What is synapse

A

Branches of the axon convert electrical signal into chemicals

41
Q

Action of sending the signal is called a

A

Synapse

42
Q

What are sensory neurons

A

Receptors that detect internal and Extertal changes

43
Q

What are interneurons

A

Located entirely in the central nervous system that integrates sensory information and sends motor impulses

44
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Motor and sensory neurons that branch out throughout the body

45
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain and spinal cord
Cerebellum: voluntary thought cerebellum: coordinates muscle movement brainstem: ponds and medulla involuntary functions and connects to body

46
Q

Somatic

A

Voluntary examples are smell site taste or sound

47
Q

Autonomic

A

Involuntary

48
Q

Which kind of reflex happens with out the brain

A

Involuntary

49
Q

What are the levels of body structure organization

A 
Atom
Molecule
Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism

Biology (26 decks)

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