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Pharmacology > Diuretics > Flashcards

Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

Acts at PCT?

A

Acetazolamide, mannitol

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2
Q

Acts at thin descending limb?

A

Mannitol

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3
Q

Acts at thick ascending limb?

A

Loop

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4
Q

Acts at DCT?

A

Thiazide

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5
Q

Acts at CT?

A

K-sparing, ADH antagonists, mannitol

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6
Q

Decreases ICP and IOP?

A

Mannitol

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7
Q

AEs of mannitol?

A

Pulmonary edema!!!

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8
Q

Should not be given to CHF pts?

A

Mannitol

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9
Q

Can be used in drug OD?

A

Mannitol

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10
Q

Causes NaHCO3 diuresis?

A

Acetazolamide

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11
Q

Uses for acetazolamide?

A

Gluacoma, metabolic alkalosis, altitude sickness

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12
Q

Sulfa drugs?

A

Acetazolamie, loops, thiazides

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13
Q

Drugs causing acidemia?

A

Acetazolamide, K-sparing diuretics

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14
Q

Drugs causing alkalemia?

A

Loops, thiazides

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15
Q

MOA of loops?

A

Inhibits Na/K/2Cl cotransport abolishing hypertonicity of medulla

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16
Q

Drug that causes vasodilation on afferent arteriole due to PGE stimulation?

A

Loops

17
Q

What do loops lose?

A

Ca, Na, K, Cl, H

18
Q

Uses for loops?

A

CHF, nephrotic syndrome, HTN, hypercalcemia

19
Q

AEs of loops?

A

Ototoxicity, hypokalemia/calcemia, dehydraiton, sulfa allergy, interstitial nephritis, gout

20
Q

Drug may be used to tx HTN in gout pts or sulfa-allergy pts?

A

Ethacrynic acid

21
Q

Phenoxyacetic acid derivative?

A

Ethacrynic acid

22
Q

MOA of thiazides?

A

Inhibits NaCl reabsorption at DCT and decreases Ca excretion (binds Cl site on luminal surface)

23
Q

Uses for thiazides?

A

HTN, nephrogenic DI, hypercalciuria

24
Q

AEs of thiazides?

A

HyperGLUC, hyponatremia, diabetes

25
Q

K-sparing diuretics?

A

Spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride, eplerenone (the K STAEys)

26
Q

Uses for K-sparing diuretics?

A

Hyperaldosteronism (Conn’s), K depletion, CHF

27
Q

MOA of K-sparing diuretics?

A

1) Spironolactone and eplerenone are competitive aldosterone receptor blockers at cortical CT
2) Triamterene and amiloride block Na channels in cortical CT

28
Q

AEs of K-sparing diuretics?

A

Hyperkalemia (can lead to arrhythmias), gynecomastia, antiandrogen effects

Pharmacology (24 decks)

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