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Pharmacology > Chemotherapy Drugs > Flashcards

Chemotherapy Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

S phase dependent drugs?

A

5-FU, 6-MP, Cytarabine, Anthracyclines (doxorubicin), Methotrexate, Procarbazine (5,6-CAMP), hydroxyurea

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2
Q

G2-phase dependent drugs?

A

Bleomycin, etoposide (late S-G2)

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3
Q

M phase dependent drugs?

A

Vincas, taxanes

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4
Q

Decreases thymidine synthesis?

A

5-FU, MTX

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5
Q

Antimetabolites?

A

Folic acid, pyrimidine, and purine analogs

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6
Q

Pyrimidine analogs?

A

5-FU, cytarabine

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7
Q

Teratogenic (can cause abortion)?

A

MTX

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8
Q

What is 5-FU bioactivated to?

A

5F-dUMP–inhibits thymidylate synthase decreasing dTMP

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9
Q

Treatment for overdose of 5-FU?

A

Thymidine rescue

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10
Q

What activates 6-MP?

A

HGPRT

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11
Q

Drugs that intercalate DNA?

A

Dactinomycin and doxorubicin

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12
Q

Drugs that cross-link DNA?

A

Alkylating agents, cisplatin

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13
Q

Wilm’s tumor tx?

A

Dactinomycin

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14
Q

Generates free radicals causing breaks in DNA?

A

1) Doxorubicin

2) Bleomycin

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15
Q

Cardiomyopathy type caused by doxorubicin?

A

Dilated

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16
Q

Ewing’s sarcoma tx?

A

Dactinomycin

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17
Q

Fe chelating agent used to prevent cardiotoxicity caused by doxorubicin?

A

Dexrazoxane

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18
Q

1st line for testicular tumor?

A

Bleomycin

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19
Q

Testicular tumor tx?

A

Etoposide, bleomycin, cisplatin

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20
Q

Hodgkin’s tx?

A

Adriamycin (doxorubicin), bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazene

21
Q

MOA of cyclophosphamide?

A

Covalently crosslink (intrastrand) DNA at guanine N-7

22
Q

What drug requires bioactivation by the liver?

A

Cyclophosphamide

23
Q

Tx for hemorrhagic cystitis?

A

Mesna

24
Q

Tx for brain tumors?

A

Nitrosureas (-mustine)

25
Q

Drug causes HSRs?

A

Taxanes

26
Q

Nephrotoxic?

A

Cisplatin/carboplatin

27
Q

Acoustic nerve damage?

A

Cisplatin/carboplatin

28
Q

Peripheral neuropathy?

A

Vincristine

29
Q

How do you prevent nephrotoxicity caused by cisplatin?

A

Amifostine (free radical scavenger)

30
Q

Most commonly used glucocorticoid in cancer therapy?

A

Prednisone, prednisolone

31
Q

MOA of tamoxifen and raloxifene?

A

SERMS-receptor blocker in breast and agonist in bone (blocks binding of estrogen to estrogen receptor-positive cells)

32
Q

Use for tamoxifen and raloxifene?

A

Breast cancer tx and prevention, osteoporosis

33
Q

Drug that is partial agonist in endometrium increasing risk of endometrial cancer and hot flashes?

A

Tamoxifen (not in raloxifene bc it is an endometrial antagonist)

34
Q

MOA of trastuzumab?

A

Monoclonal Ab against HER-2 (c-erbB2)

35
Q

Ph Chr bcr-abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor?

A

Imatinib–used for CML

36
Q

Monoclonal Ab against CD20?

A

Rituximab–for B-cell neoplasms (non-Hodgkin’s)

37
Q

Inhibitor of B-Raf kinase in pt with V600E mutation?

A

Vemurafenib–for mets melanoma tx

38
Q

Monoclonal Ab against VEGF?

A

Bevacizumab

39
Q

What metabolizes 6-MP?

A

Xanthine oxidase

40
Q

AEs of MTX?

A

Myelosuppression, macrovesicular fatty change in liver, mucositis, megaloblastic anemia

41
Q

Used to tx colon cancer?

A

5-FU

42
Q

Used to tx ALL and AML?

A

6-MP

43
Q

Causes skin hyperpigmentation but NOT myelosuppression?

A

Bleomycin

44
Q

Causes skin hyperpigmentation AND myelosuppression 100% of time?

A

Busulfan

45
Q

Use for busulfan?

A

CML

46
Q

Used for ovarian and breast cancers?

A

Taxanes

47
Q

Causes alopecia?

A

Etoposide

48
Q

Alkylating agents?

A

1) Cyclophosphamide
2) Nitrosureas (-mustine)
3) Busulfan

Pharmacology (24 decks)

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