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Pharmacology > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Inhibits formation of initiation complex, causing misreading of mRNA?

A

Aminoglycosides

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2
Q

Prevents attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA to acceptor site?

A

Tetracyclines

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3
Q

Inhibits peptidyl transferase (EZ responsible for incorporating new amino acid into growing peptide strand)?

A

Chloramphenicol

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4
Q

Blocks aminoacyl-tRNA complex translocation step?

A

Macrolides

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5
Q

Blocks initiation complex formation and inhibits aminoacyl-tRNA complex translocation step?

A

Clindamycin

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6
Q

PABA analogue, competitively inhibits dihydropteroate synthase?

A

SMX

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7
Q

Inhibits bacterial dihydrofolic acid reductase?

A

TMP

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8
Q

Cell wall synthesis inhibitor causing hemolytic anemia?

A

Penicillin

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9
Q

Clavulanic acid?

A

Inactivates B-lactamases–added to ampicillin, amoxicillin

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10
Q

B-lactamase resistant due to bulkier structure?

A

Nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin

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11
Q

Tazobactam?

A

Inactivates B-lactamases–added to ticarcillin

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12
Q

Monocyclic B-lactam ring?

A

Aztreonam

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13
Q

Used in pts allergic to penicillin or in pts who are renally insufficient?

A

Aztreonam

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14
Q

Causes seizures?

A

Imipenem

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15
Q

Inhibits renal dihydropeptidase I?

A

Cilastatin–added to impenem

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16
Q

AEs of cephalosporins?

A

HSR, disulfiram-like rxn, nephrotoxicity

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17
Q

AEs of aminoglycosides?

A

Nephro, oto, and teratogen

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18
Q

Require O2 for uptake?

A

Aminoglycosides

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19
Q

Endocarditis prophylaxis before dental procedures in pts with valvular heart dz?

A

Clindamycin

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20
Q

Causes C. diff colitis?

A

Clindamycin, ampicillin

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21
Q

Alternative tx for bacterial meningitis?

A

Chloramphenicol

22
Q

Causes myelosuppression (anemia, aplastic anemia)?

A

Chloramphenicol

23
Q

Cause of gray baby?

A

Lack of UDP-glucuronyl transferase in newborn liver

24
Q

Diphtheria tx?

A

Macrolides

25
Q

Tx for atypcial pneumonia?

A

Macrolides, doxycycline

26
Q

Chlamydia tx?

A

Macrolides, doxycycline

27
Q

Inhibits CYP450?

A

Erythromycin

28
Q

Cholera tx?

A

Doxycycline

29
Q

Lyme dz tx?

A

Doxycycline

30
Q

RMSF tx?

A

Doxycycline

31
Q

Inhibited by divalent cations?

A

Tetracyclines

32
Q

SIADH tx?

A

Demeclocycline

33
Q

Competitive antagonist at V2 receptors?

A

Demeclocycline

34
Q

Pneumocystis pneumonia tx?

A

TMP-SMX

35
Q

UTI tx?

A

TMP-SMX

36
Q

Kernicterus in newborns?

A

TMP-SMX

37
Q

Inhibits DNA topoisomerase II?

A

Fluoroquinolones

38
Q

Tx for recurrent UTIs?

A

Nitrofurantoin

39
Q

Binds D-ala D-ala terminus, inhibiting transglycosylase?

A

Vancomycin

40
Q

Increases permeability of cell membrane to polar molecules?

A

Polymyxins

41
Q

Metabolized by bacteria into reduced reactive compounds that cause cell death?

A

Metronidazole

42
Q

C. diff colitis tx?

A

Metronidazole

43
Q

Giardiasis tx?

A

Metronidazole

44
Q

Inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase?

A

Rifampin

45
Q

Inhibits synthesis of mycolic acid?

A

Isoniazid

46
Q

Prophylax against TB?

A

Isoniazid

47
Q

Causes peripheral neuropathy, must give B6?

A

Isoniazid

48
Q

Dapsone MOA?

A

PABA antagonist inhibiting folic acid synthesis

49
Q

Inhibits arabinosyl transferase?

A

Ethambutol

50
Q

M. leprae tx?

A

Dapsone, rifampin, clofazimine

Pharmacology (24 decks)

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