DIGITAL DEFORMITIES Flashcards

1
Q

function of lesser digits?

A
decelerate the foot
stabilize the forefoot
aid propulsion
kinesthetic sensation
fxn disrupted with pathology
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2
Q

what is hammertoe deformity?

A

MPJ extension
PIPJ flexion
DIPJ extension

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3
Q

what is claw toe deformity?

A

MPJ extension
PIPJ flexion
DIPJ flexion

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4
Q

mallet toe deformity?

A

DIPJ flexion

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5
Q

main causes of hammertoe fall into what 3 dynamic categories?

A

flexor stabilization
flexor substitution
extensor substitution

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6
Q

most common cause of hammertoes?

least common cause of hammertoes?

A

flexor stabilization (pronated foot types)

flexor substitution (supinated foot types)

extensor substitution (seen in swing phase of gait)

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7
Q

etiology of the classic hammertoe?

A

biomechanical fault

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8
Q

etiology of the pre dislocation syndrome?

A

inflammation

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9
Q

etiology of the crossover toe?

A

combination of biomechanical fault and inflammation

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10
Q

best examining modality for digital deformities?

imaging used for?

what can imaging detect?

A

plain film radiography

surgical planning

mallet toe
hallux malleus
transverse plane deformity
digiti adductus
gun barrel sign
congenital deformities
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11
Q

when is surgical treatment indicated?

contraindications?

A

failed conservative therapy
ulcerative or pre-ulcerative lesions
Pain

vascular insufficiency, uncontrolled DM, other poor surgical candidates

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12
Q

what are some soft tissue procedures?

A

tendon lengthening

  • Z plasty
  • percutaneous tenotomy
  • used along for mild flexible deformities

tendon transfers

  • girdlestone procedure (FDL transfer)
  • hibbe tenosuspension )EDL transfer)
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13
Q

what are the osseous procedures?

A

arthroplasty

  • PIPJ resectional
  • DIPJ resectional
  • digital reduction

arthrodesis
-PIPJ arthrodesis

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14
Q

Glissans 4 principles?

A

complete removal of all cartilages and intervening tissue or material

accurate and close fitting of fusion surfaces

optimal position of fusion

maintenance of bone apposition until complete fusion

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15
Q

considerations for post op management?

A
WB vs NWB
bartel x-rays
K-wire removal
digital splintage
physical therapy
periodic monitoring
other
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