DIABETIC NEUROPATHY Flashcards

1
Q

major etiology of diabetic neuropathy?

A

hyperglycemia

  • ischemic
  • metabolic
  • autoimmune
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2
Q

what should be controlled to reduced neurologic complications?

A

hyperglycemia

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3
Q

what are the hyperglycemia causes?

A
nerve ischemia
glycosylation of nerve protein
decrease uptake of nerve myoinositol
decreased activity of sodium potassium ATPase pump
reduction of axonal transport
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4
Q

three categories of diabetic neuropathy?

combinations lead to significant clinical manifestations like?

A

sensory neuropathy
motor neuropathy
autonomic neuropathy

excessive stresses on tissue
formation of mechanical keratosis
undetected tissue breakdown

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5
Q

prolonged periods of hyperglycemia lead to impairment of immune function like?

*immunopathy consists of:

A

deficits in phagocyte system

*decrease in chemotaxis to the site of infection

decrease in phagocytosis

decreased intracellular killing of microorganisms

any combo of the three

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6
Q

major roles of macrophages in wound healing?

A
phagocytosis, antimicrobial fxn
wound debridement
cell recruitment and activation
angiogensis
matrix synthesis, regulation
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7
Q

how does immunopathy affect the tx of the patient?

A

antibiotics should include drugs that are bactericidal

bacteriostatic agents require an intact immune system

frequent antibiotics lead to colonization with resistant species of organisms

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8
Q

what is the clinical significance of angiopathy?

A

gangrene, which is good for infection, including anaerobes, deceased perfusion leads to decreased local antibiotic concentration

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9
Q

what are the wound types?

A
neuropathic (mal perforans)
ischemic
gangrenous (dry vs wet)
decubitus (pressure)
venous
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10
Q

what are the wound care principles?

A
infection management
perfusion
offloading
edema management
wound bed management
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