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National Medical Interpreter Certification > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Peritoneum

A

Peritoneo, serous saclike lining in abdominal and pelvic cavities

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2
Q

Crohn’s Disease

A

Enfermedad de Crohn; inflammation of intestinal tract–affecting ileum, causing ulcerations & scar tissue; AKA regional ileitis or regional enteritis

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3
Q

Anastomosis

A

Anastomosis; opening created by surgery joining 2 structures, i.e. blood vessels or bowel segments

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4
Q

Upper GI series

A

Tránsito gastroduodenal or esofagogastroduodenal or Análisis del tubo digestivo superior; radiography of stomach & duodenum after swallowing barium

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5
Q

Fecal occult blood test

A

Prueba de hemorragia digestiva oculta; test for blood in feces, under mircroscope

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6
Q

Peristalsis

A

Peristaltismo; wavelike contractions that propel food along digestive tract

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7
Q

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

A

Síndrome del colon irritable; diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain

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8
Q

Adhesion

A

Adherencia, brida; abnormal growing together of 2 surfaces that are normally separate

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9
Q

Alimentary canal

A

Canal alimenticio; digestive or GI tract

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10
Q

Cirrhosis

A

Cirrosis; chronic liver disease–destruction of cells & formation of scar tissue; commonly caused by alcoholism

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11
Q

Cholelithiasis

A

Colelitiasis; gall stones

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12
Q

Colon

A

Colon; has 4 parts: ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid

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13
Q

Pancreas

A

Páncreas; helps in digestion–secretes insulin to metabolize carbs

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14
Q

Aphagia

A

Afagia; inability to swallow

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15
Q

Colorectal

A

Colorrectal; pertaining to colon & rectum

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16
Q

Dyspepsia

A

Dispepsia; difficult digestion

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17
Q

Dysphagia

A

Disfagia; difficult swallowing

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18
Q

Melena

A

Melena; black, tarry stool with digested blood

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19
Q

Bowel

A

Entrañas

20
Q

Bariatric surgery

A

Cirugía bariátrica; i.e. gastric bypass surgery

21
Q

Constipated

A

Estreñido

22
Q

Heartburn

A

Acidez, agruras (colloq)

23
Q

Waste products

A

Desperdicias

24
Q

Duodenum

A

Duodeno; 1st 10-12 inches of small intestine

25
Q

Liver

A

Hígado; produces bile (bilis) to digest fats & performs other digestive functions. Makes plasma proteins, heparin; destroys old RBCs; breaks down poisons; collects, processes & stores nutrients; makes bile

26
Q

Cholecystitis

A

Colecistitis; inflammation of gall bladder

27
Q

To have indigestion from overeating

A

Estar entripado

28
Q

Barium enema

A

Enema de bario

29
Q

Indigestion

A

Indigestión

30
Q

Constipation

A

Estreñimiento

31
Q

sub-acute bowel obstruction

A

bowels are almost completely blocked and food cannot pass through

32
Q

pyloric valve

A

Válvula pilórica. opening between stomach and small intestine

33
Q

diverticulitis

A

inflammation of small blind pouches (diverticula) in living of colon. can cause infections, tears & blockages

34
Q

gallstones

A

Cálculos biliares, piedras biliares solid particles that form from bile in gallbladder. caused by crystallization of cholesterol or excess bilirubin pigment stones

35
Q

peritonitis

A

acute inflammation of the peritoneum

36
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

inflammatory bowel disease in which there is ongoing inflammation and sores in the large intestine and rectum

37
Q

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

A

tube inserted into duodenum and dye injected to take X-ray of bile ducts

38
Q

percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC)

A

dye injected to take X-ray of liver and bile ducts

39
Q

magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)

A

MRI used to obtain pictures of bile ducts

40
Q

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube

A

inserted through gastrostomy (alternative to eating by mouth)

41
Q

Hepatitis inducida por el alcohol

A

Alcoholic Hepatitis

42
Q

Ampula de Vater

A

Ampulla of Vater; also known as the hepatopancreatic ampulla,or as hepatopancreatic duct, is formed by the union of the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct. The ampulla is specifically located at the major duodenal papilla.

43
Q

ciego (body part)

A

cecum

44
Q

quimo

A

chyme; liquid substance found in the stomach before passing through the pyloric valve and entering the duodenum. It results from the mechanical and chemical breakdown of a bolus and consists of partially digested food, water, hydrochloric acid, and various digestive enzymes.

45
Q

conducto cístico

A

cystic duct; The cystic duct is an important player in the digestive process. The system needs bile to help break down food and the cystic ducttransfers bile between the gallbladder and common and hepatic bileducts.

46
Q

yeyuno

A

jejunum;the part of the small intestine between the duodenum and ileum

47
Q

jejunum;the part of the small intestine between the duodenum and ileum

A

yeyuno

National Medical Interpreter Certification (58 decks)

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