Dietetics of Diabetes (dogs and cats)

Question 1

Type 1

Answer 1

IDDM
Hyperglycaemia
NO insulin prod
Insufficient glucose abs into the cells

Question 2

Type 2

Answer 2

NIDDM
Hyperglycaemia
Insulin resistance

Question 3

Type 3

Answer 3

Impaired glucose tolerance
Give Chromium for the GTF (glucose tolerance factor)
High BG at fasting

Question 4

Type 4

Answer 4

Gestational diabetes

Question 5

What are the nutritional objectives?

Answer 5

Use feeding to regulate the blood glucose

Minimize the postprandiol fluctuations of glucose and insulin

Question 6

How to achieve the nutritional objectives? (4)

Answer 6

1. Decr fat
2. incr fibre
3. Incr dietary protein
4. Incr complex carbs over simple carbs

Question 7

Decr fat

Answer 7

To around or less than 10% of DM because end product of fat metab is KB’s and this could lead to ketoacidosis

Question 8

Incr of dietary protein

Answer 8

Give moderate protein, HBV
Dog: 25%
Cat:30%

Question 9

Give complex carbs

Answer 9

NO sugar or starch, the carbs should have a low GI
40-45% DM
Maize, sorghum, buckwheat, brown rice starch

Question 10

High fibre

Answer 10

10-13% (up to 15%) to decr the rate of abs i.e to enhance the long release (LR) effect, less postprandiol glucose peak

Question 11

Therapy: typical daily home routine

Answer 11

1. give 25% of daily ration
   2 Give canainsulin inj SC ONLY if the animal ate that meal (this contains both amorph the slow release and retard long-lasting crystalline)
2. Give the remaining ration 7-8hrs later
3. Control by measuring the blood/urine blood glucose levels– correct the dosage if you need to

** when hospitalized, feed 4/5 times and give 2 injections**