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NAPLEX 21 > Dietary Supplements > Flashcards

Dietary Supplements Flashcards

1
Q

Folic acid 600mcg DFE =

A

400mcg of folic acid daily, the RDA for women in child-bearing years

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2
Q

What OTC drug is an

  • inducer
  • serotonergic (not to be used with MAOi, including linezolid)
  • photosensitivity
  • lowers seizure threshold
A

St John’s Wort

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3
Q

What supplements increase bleeding risk?

A

5 Gs = garlic, ginger, ginkgo, ginseng and glucosamine

Fish oils at higher doses

Vitamin E

Dong quai

Willow bark (a salicylate)

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4
Q

Supplements with risk of liver toxicity

A

black cohosh (used for menopausal symptoms)

Kava (used for stress/anxiety)

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5
Q

Supplements with risk of cardiac toxicity

A

Ephedra

Bitter orange

Yohimbe

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6
Q

Valerian

Passionflower

Kava

St. John’s wort

these are used for?

A

anxiety

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7
Q

Omega 3-fatty acids can be used for

2 conditions

A

ADHD

dyslipidemia

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8
Q

L-lysine

A

cold sores

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9
Q

Echinacea

zinc

vitamin c

A

colds and flu

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10
Q

ginkgo

vitamin E

A

dementia/memory

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11
Q

St john’s wort

SAMe

Valerian

5HTP

A

depression

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12
Q

alpha lipoic acid

chromium

cassia cinnamon

A

diabetes

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13
Q

Red yeast rice

omega 3 fatty acids

A

dyslipidemia

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14
Q

calcium

magnesium

A

dyspepsia

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15
Q

bitter orange

caffeine

guarana, green tea powder

A

energy/weight loss

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16
Q

Ginseng

L-arginine

Yohimbe

A

erectile dysfunction

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17
Q

Coenzyme Q10

Hawthorn

omega-3 fatty acids

A

heart health

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18
Q

omega 3 fatty acids

L-arginine

coenzyme Q10

garlic

A

HTN

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19
Q

fibers

chamomile

probiotics

A

GI health

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20
Q

omega 3 fatty acids

flax seeds/oil

tumeric

A

inflammation

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21
Q

Melatnonin (QHS)
Melatonin 0.5mg-2mg pre, and 5mg post

valerian

chamomile

A

sleep/ jet lag

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22
Q

milk thistle

A

liver disease

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23
Q

black cohosh

dong quai

evening primrose oil

soy, red clover

A

menopause

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24
Q

Feverfew

butterbur

magnesium

riboflavin (Vit. B2)

A

migraine prophylaxis

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25
Q

ginger

peppermint

A

motion sickness

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26
Q

glucosamine

chondroitin

SAMe

turmeric

A

OA

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27
Q

calcium

vitamin D

soy

A

osteoporosis

28
Q

saw palmetto

lycopene

A

prostate health

29
Q

Issues with these OTC -

5HTP
SAMe
St.John’s wort

A

seroternergic

30
Q

Issues with these OTC -

bitter oragnge

A

stimulant

31
Q

Issues with these OTC -

black cohosh
Kava

A

hepatotoxic

32
Q

Issues with these OTC -

caffeine

A

inc BP, HR

33
Q

Issues with these OTC -

dong quai
omega-3 fatty acids
5G’s

A

bleeding risk

34
Q

Issues with these OTC -

chondroitin

A

INC INR with warfarin

35
Q

Issues with these OTC -

Hawthorn

A

positive inotrope, use with digoxin additive effect (DEC BP bc of it)

36
Q

Issues with these OTC -

Valerian

A

sedation

37
Q

Issues with these OTC -

vitamin E

A

bleeding risk, CVD risk

38
Q

Issues with these OTC -

Zinc (nasal)

A

can cause loss of smell

39
Q

Vitamin A

A

Retinol

40
Q

Vitamin B1

A

Thiamine

41
Q

Vitamin B2

A

Riboflavin

42
Q

Vitamin B3

A

Niacin

43
Q

Vitamin B6

A

Pyridoxine

44
Q

Vitamin B9

A

folic acid

45
Q

Vitamin B12

A

Cobalamin

46
Q

A lack of ______ is common in alcoholism

A

Vitamin B1 - thiamine

47
Q

Thiamine deficiency can cause what kind of deficiency

A

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

mental confusion, ataxia, tremor and vision changes

48
Q

As symptoms of Wernicke’s fade, what develops?

A

Korsakoff syndrome - permanent neurologic damage

49
Q

Anticonvulsants can contribute to ____ deficiency

A

calcium

50
Q

All women of childbearing age should obtain _____ of folic acid per day

A

400mcg/day

during pregnancy - 600mcg (taken one month before preg too)

51
Q

Breastfed babies need _________ of iron at 4-6 months old and until consuming iron rich foods

A

1mg/kg/day

52
Q

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient?

anti epileptics (carbamazepine, lamotrigine, oxcarbamazpine, phenobarbital/primidone, phenytoin, topiramate, valproic acid/divalproex, zonisamide)

A

calcium

*needs to be supplemented (with vitamin D too!)

53
Q

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient?

Amphotercin B

A

Magnesium

Potassium

54
Q

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient?

Isonazid

A

Vitamin B6

neuropathy prevention

55
Q

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient?

Loop diuretics

A

potassium

56
Q

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient?

metformin

A

vitamin B12

57
Q

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient?

methotrexate

A

folic acid

58
Q

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient?

orlistat

A

beta-carotene, fat-soluble vitamins (ADEK)

59
Q

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient?

PPI

A

magnesium

Vitamin B12 if >2 years of treatment

60
Q

Conditions with recommended supplements -

Alcoholism

A

Vitamin B1

61
Q

Conditions with recommended supplements -

microcytic anemia

A

ferrous sulfate

62
Q

Conditions with recommended supplements -

macrocytic anemia

A

vitamin B12 and or folate

63
Q

Conditions with recommended supplements -

pregnancy

A

folate

calcium

vitamin D

pyridoxine

64
Q

Conditions with recommended supplements -

osteopenia/osteoporsis

A

calcium

vitamin D

65
Q

Conditions with recommended supplements -

CKD

A

vitamin D

NAPLEX 21 (60 decks)

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