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Oral Biology > Development of the Dentition > Flashcards

Development of the Dentition Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is an overjet

A

distance between the upper and lower incisors in the horizontal plane.

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2
Q

what is the distance of a normal overjet

A

2-4mm

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3
Q

what is an overbite

A

vertical overlap of the upper and lower incisors when viewed anteriorly.

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4
Q

what is the distance of a normal bite

A

one third to one half coverage of the lower incisors

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5
Q

what is crowding

A

when there is insufficient space to accommodate the teeth in perfect alignment

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6
Q

what is hypodontia

A

congenital absence of one or more teeth

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7
Q

what is leeway space

A

difference in the mesio-distal diameter between c, d and e and 3, 5 and 5

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8
Q

what is a reverse overjet

A

the lower incisors lie anterior to upper incisors

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9
Q

what is a supernumerary tooth

A

an additioanl tooth to the normal series

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10
Q

what is malocclusion

A

variation from ideal occlusion which has dental health and psychosocial implications for the individual

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11
Q

what is ideal occlusion

A

anatomically perfect arrangement of the teeth

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12
Q

what is normal occlusion

A

acceptable variation from ideal occlusion

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13
Q

what is a lingual crossbite

A

the buccal cusps of the lower premolars and or molars occlude buccaly to the buccal cusps of the upper premolars and or molars

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14
Q

what are natal teeth

A

a tooth present at birth

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15
Q

what are neonatal teeth

A

teeth that erupt soon after birth

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16
Q

what is macrodont

A

an abnormally large tooth

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17
Q

what is transposition

A

a term used to describe the interchange in position of two teeth

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18
Q

what is BSI

A

incisor classification

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19
Q

what are the incisor classifications

A

class I
class II, division 1
class II, division 2
class III

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20
Q

describe incisor classification I

A

the lower incisor edges occlude with or lie immediately below the cingulum plataeu of the upper central incisors

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21
Q

describe incisor classification class II, div 1

A
  • lower incisor edges lie posterior to the cingulum plataeu of the upper incisors
  • upper central incisors are proclined of average inclindation, overjet is increased
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22
Q
A

class II, division 1

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23
Q

describe class II, div 2 of the incisor classification

A

lower incisal edges lie posterior to the cingulum plataeu of the upper incisors
upper central incisors are usually retroclined and the overjet is usually minimal but can be increased

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24
Q
A

class II, div 2

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25
Q

describe class III of incisal classification

A

lower incisor edges lie anterior to the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors

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26
Q
A

class III

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27
Q

what is orthodontics

A

branch of dentistry concerned with facial growth with development of the dentition and occlusion, and with the diagnosis, interception and treatment of occlusal anomalies

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28
Q

what are the main stages of dentition development

A

newborn
primary dentition
mixed dentition
permanent dentition

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29
Q

when does mixed dentition arise

A

6-13

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30
Q

describe the age range of permanent tooth eruption

A

between 6 and 13 years

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31
Q

which teeth are the first permanent teeth to erupt

A

first molars and incisors

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32
Q

when do first permanent molars erupt

A

6-8.5 years

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33
Q

when do permanent incisors erupt

A

6-8.5 years

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34
Q
A

anterior cross bite

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35
Q
A

increased overjet

36
Q
A

reverse overjet

37
Q
A

posterior buccal crossbite

38
Q

what is mixed dentition

A

a mixture of primary and permanent teeth

39
Q

when do canines, premolars and second molars erupt in mixed dentition

A

between 10 and 12.5 years

40
Q

which permanent teeth erupt at 6

A

lower central incisors
upper molars
lower molars

41
Q

which teeth erupt at seven years

A

upper central incisors
lower lateral incisors

42
Q

which teeth erupt at eight years

A

upper laterals

43
Q

which teeth erupt at eleven years

A

lower canines
upper first premolars
lower first premolars

44
Q

which teeth erupt at 12 years

A

upper canines
upper second premolars
lower second premolars
upper and lower second molars

45
Q

describe the eruption sequence of lower 3 4 and 5

A

3,4 then 5

46
Q

describe the normal eruption sequence of upper 3, 4 and 5

A

4 5 and then 3

47
Q

why does the posteior arch length increase

A

to accommodate the 6, 7 and 8

48
Q

what does leeway space do

A

allow for lower incisors to align spontaneously following loss of d and e

49
Q

what is the normal leeway space for the maxilla

A

1.5mm

50
Q

what is the normal leeway space for the mandible

A

2.5mm

51
Q
A

crowding

52
Q
A

transposition

53
Q

describe ideal molar occlusion

A

mesiobuccal cusp of the upper permanent molar occludes with the buccal groove on the mandible first molar

54
Q

describe ideal incisal occlusion

A

slightly proclined so the lower incisal edge is in contact with the cingulum plateau of the maxillary teeth. the overjet and overbite 2-4mm on average

55
Q

describe the dentition of newborns

A

usually there are no teeth
they have gum pads and an anterior open bite

56
Q

describe the shape of the upper gum pad on newborns

A

rounded

57
Q

describe the shape of the lower gum pad of newborns

A

u shaped

58
Q

what is the classification of newborn jaws

A

skeletal class 2

59
Q

describe what AP jaw relationship classifications are

A

skeletal class one
skeletal class two
skeletal class three

60
Q

what is skeletal class one

A

where the mandible is 2-3mm posterior to the maxilla

61
Q

what is skeletal class two

A

when the mandible is retruded relative to the maxilla

62
Q

what is skeletal class three

A

when the mandible is protruded relative to the maxilla

63
Q
A

skeletal class one

64
Q
A

skeletal class three

65
Q
A

skeletal class two

66
Q
A

result of cleft palate correction surgery

67
Q

when does primary dentition eruption first occur

A

6 months

68
Q

what is the age range of eruption for primary dentition

A

6 month to three years

69
Q

when do central incisors on primary dentition erupt

A

6-7 months

70
Q

when do lateral incisors on primary denttion erupt

A

7-8 months

71
Q

when do canines on primary dentition erupt

A

18-20 months

72
Q

when do first molars erupt in primary dentition

A

12-15 months

73
Q

when do second molars erupt in primary dentition

A

24-36 months

74
Q

how can primary dentition be described

A

space
experiences wear toward the end
incisors are more upright than in permanent dentition

75
Q

no spacing

A

66% crowding

76
Q

less than 3mm spacing

A

50% crowding

77
Q

between 3-6mm crowding

A

20% crowding

78
Q

more than 6mm spacing

A

no crowding

79
Q

how common is natal teeth

A

1 in 1000 infants

80
Q

what is a unilateral cleft lip

A

a cleft affecting only one side of the lip

81
Q

what is a bilateral cleft lip

A

a cleft affected both sides of the lip

82
Q

what causes a cleft lip

A

failure of the lip and palate to unite during inter uterine development

83
Q

when is surgery carried out on cleft lips

A

six months of age

84
Q

what is an issue with repairing the cleft palate

A

scar tissue can cause contraction or restriction of growth of the maxillary dental arch

85
Q

why do primary dentition experience wear near the end of their time

A

the enamel is softer and is not designed to last the individuals entire life

86
Q

what is asymmetrical eruption

A

when tooth on one side erupts and the tooth on the other does not eg laterals

87
Q

what is asequential eruption

A

when the laterals arise before the central incisors - improper sequence of eruption

Oral Biology (27 decks)

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