Development of the CVS Flashcards
What are the 4 main stages?
- Development of Primordial Heart Tube
- Looping of the Heart Tube
- Atrial and Ventricular Septation
- Development of the Outflow Tract
What is this?
Bilateral heart primordia
Which part of the lateral plate forms the circulatory system (and other viscera)?
Splanchnic mesoderm
How are the two primitive heart tubes formed?
Angiogenic cell islands collect in the lateral plate splanchnic mesoderm, move towards the midline and coalesce
Why is the cardiovascular system the first major system to function in the embryo?
Diffusion is not enough to satisfy the growing embryo
Where do blood vessels first appear?
In the wall of yolk sac, allantois, connecting stalk and chorion
When and where do the angioblastic chords form?
Appear in the 3rd week in the cardiogenic mesoderm
What do the angioblastic chords do?
Canalize to form heart tubes
How is the primordial cardiovascular system formed?
Tubular heart joins blood vessels in other areas
Where is the pericardium derived from?
The intra-embryonic coelom (space between the splanchnic and somatic mesoderm)
What part of the pericardium is formed from the somatic mesoderm?
Parietal layer of serous pericardium and fibrous pericardium formed from somatic mesoderm.
What is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium formed from?
Splanchnic mesoderm
What are the following structures?
How many horns does the sinus venosus have?
Two horns
Where does each sinus venosus get its venous blood?
The yolk sac (viteline vein)
Placenta (umbilical vein)
Body of the embryo (common cardinal vein)
How many aorta exist in the embryo?
2, the adults only have the left one
How many aortic arches exist initially?
6
What is the truncus arteriosis continuous with?
The aortic sac
How is the u shape of the bulboventricular loop formed?
Bulbus cordis and the ventricle grow faster than the other regions forming a U shaped loop
What is dextrocardia?
Abnormal cardiac looping
How does dextrocardia arise?
Heart tube loops to the left side instead of the right thus coming to lie facing the right.
It is the moset requent abnormality of the heart - •Dextrocardia can be associated with situs inversus (transposition of viscera)
When does partitioning of the primordial heart take place?
Around the 27th and 37th days of embryonic development