Anatomy of Chest Wall and Mechanics of Breathing Flashcards
What is meant by Boyle’s law?
Boyle’s Law states that the pressure exerted by a gas is inversely proportional to to its volume (P a 1/V). Note that gases (singly or in mixtures) move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.
What is Dalton’s law?
Dalton’s Law states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the pressures of the individual gases.
What is Charle’s Law?
Charles Law states that the volume occupied by a gas is directly related to the absolute temperature (v a T)
What is Henry’s law?
Henry’s Law states that the amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is determined by the pressure of the gas and it’s solubility in the liquid.
Where does the esophagus and the aorta pass through the thorax?
Between the pleural sacs
Where does the parietal membrane fold back on itself?
At the lung hilux?
What type of fluid exists in the pleural cavity?
Intrapleural fluid
What is the function of pleural fluid?
Lubrication, two membranes can glide across each other. Fluid holds the two membranes together
What is pleurisy?
Inflammation of the pleura.
How does pressure of intrapleural cavity compare to the atmospheric pressure?
Subatmospheric
What creates the outward pull of the chest?
Elastic recoil of the chest wall
What pulls the lungs inward?
Elastic recoil of lung?
When are inward and outward forces of the lungs equal?
At the end of an expiration
How is boyle’s law applied in breathing?
Thoracic cavity changes in volume. increase volume = decrease pressure decrease volume = increase pressure Gases always move from high pressure to low pressure
What brings about expiration?
Expiration is passive at rest, but uses internal intercostal and abdominal muscles during severe respiratory load