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TEAS Science > Describe the Anatomy & Physiology of the Genitourinary System > Flashcards

Describe the Anatomy & Physiology of the Genitourinary System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is another term for Genitourinary?

A

Urogenital

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2
Q

The organs in the Genitourinary System function in the ___ process

A

Excretory

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3
Q

Excretion is a necessary function for:

A

Salt and water hemostasis and getting rid of wastes

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4
Q

What is the Genitourinary System composed of?

A

Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary Bladder, and Urethra

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5
Q

Where do the Kidneys lie?

A

Against the dorsal body wall above the waist, superior to the lumbar region

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6
Q

The Kidneys two main regions or layers are:

A

The Renal Cortex and Renal Medulla

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7
Q

What is the Renal Cortex?

A

The outer layer of the Kidney where blood vessels are located

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8
Q

What does the Renal Cortex produce?

A

Erythropoietin

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9
Q

What is Erythropoietin?

A

A hormone that stimulates the production of new red blood cells

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10
Q

What is the Renal Medulla?

A

The inner region of the Kidney where the concentration of urine is regulated

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11
Q

What is the Renal Artery of the Kidney?

A

It allows oxygenated blood to enter the Kidney

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12
Q

What is the Renal Veins of the Kidney?

A

It allows filtered, deoxygenated blood to leave the Kidney

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13
Q

What do the Kidneys manufacture?

A

Urine

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14
Q

Urine travels through the Ureters to the ___ ___ where it is stored until it is excreted through the urethra

A

Urinary Bladder

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15
Q

What all is part of the Excretory System?

A

The Ureters, Urinary Bladder, and Urethra

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16
Q

What are the Ureters?

A

One for each Kidney, small tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder, which holds the urine until elimination

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17
Q

Do male or females have a shorter Urethra?

A

Females. Males urethra’s pass through the penis and also carries sperm

18
Q

This system helps maintain the balance of Homeostasis by getting rid of waste:

A

The Genitourinary System

19
Q

Nitrogenous waste from protein digestion is ___ and must be removed because it will form ___

A

Toxic, Ammonia

20
Q

What are Kidneys responsible for?

A

Filtering blood, creating urine, stabilizing water balance, maintaining blood pressure, and producing the active form of Vitamin D

21
Q

The ___ System also plays a vital role in several of the Kidneys functions

A

Endocrine

22
Q

What is the functional unit of the Kidney?

A

The Nephron

23
Q

What are Nephrons?

A

A system of microscopic tubes that use various pressure levels to remove wastes and reabsorb important molecules and water

24
Q

Blood enters the Kidney full of waste from ___, especially of protein ___

A

Metabolism, Metabolism

25
Q

After the blood enters the Kidney, it enters a ___ ___ connected to the renal artery

A

Nephron Capillary

26
Q

After the blood enters the Nephron Capillary, it then flows to the ___

A

Glomerulus

27
Q

What is the Glomerulus?

A

A small, dense group of capillaries in the Nephron. This is where material is filtered from the blood

28
Q

Filtrate is:

A

The material filtered from the blood which includes water, urea, glucose salts, and other small molecules

29
Q

Filtrate first moves through the ___

A

Tubule

30
Q

Water and other important substances to the body are reabsorbed through the ___ back into the blood

A

Capillaries

31
Q

What remains in the tubule, ___, is emptied into a ___ in the Kidney and drains from there to the ___ and then is stored in the ___ ___

A

Urine, Cavity, Ureter, Urinary Bladder

32
Q

What is the Urinary Bladder?

A

A hollow, muscular organ that holds 400-800 mL of liquid and has sensors that communicate with the Central Nervous System

33
Q

What happens in order for Excretion to occur?

A

Both the internal and external sphincters of the bladder must relax

34
Q

From the bladder, the urine is released through the ___

A

Urethra

35
Q

What is released urine?

A

Waste product composed of 95% water, with urea, salts, and excess organic molecules

36
Q

What is the Kidney’s role in maintaining blood pressure?

A

By controlling the volume of the blood

37
Q

Secreted Hormones of the Kidneys constrict or dilate blood vessels, causing:

A

The needed increase or decrease in blood pressure

38
Q

Kidneys help control the production of:

A

Red Blood Cells

39
Q

The Cardiovascular System pumps blood into the Kidneys through the:

A

Renal Artery

40
Q

The pressure of the blood helps the Glomerulus:

A

To filter out wastes and return vital nutrients through the renal vein back to the blood

41
Q

What produces Renin?

A

The Kidneys

42
Q

What is Renin?

A

A hormone that regulates blood pressure by retaining or removing water and salt

TEAS Science (21 decks)

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