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PE - physiological factors > CVS - Rest > Flashcards

CVS - Rest Flashcards

1
Q

heart rate (HR)

A

no. of times heart beats per min

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2
Q

average person HR at rest

A

72 bpm

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3
Q

trained athlete HR at rest (aerobic)

A

50 bpm

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4
Q

average person HR during exercise

A

max HR = 220 - age

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5
Q

trained athlete HR during exercise

A

max HR = 220 - age

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6
Q

stroke volume (SV)

A

vol of blood leaving left ventricle per beat

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7
Q

stroke volume ______ when we exercise

A

increases

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8
Q

why does SV increase when exercise (2)

A
  • heart is muscle, when warms up it expands - can hold more blood in left ventricle
  • when heart warms up, becomes more elastic - can contract with more force
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9
Q

average person SV at rest

A

70ml

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10
Q

trained athlete SV at rest

A

100ml

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11
Q

average person SV exercise (maximum exercise)

A

100-120ml

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12
Q

trained athlete SV exercise (maximum exercise)

A

160-200ml

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13
Q

cardiac output (CO)

A

vol of blood pumped out of left ventricle in 1 min

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14
Q

CO equation

A

CO = SV x HR

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15
Q

during exercise CO _______

A

increases

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16
Q

heart becomes ________ ________ when it warms up

A

more elastic

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17
Q

when warmed up the heart can ______ _______ ______ & ______ ______ _____ ______

A
  • hold more blood
  • contract with more force
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18
Q

average person CO at rest

A

5L

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19
Q

trained athlete CO at rest

A

5L

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20
Q

average person CO exercise

A

20-30 Litres per min

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21
Q

trained athlete CO exercise

A

30-40 litres per min

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22
Q

venus return

A

vol of deoxygenated blood returning to heart

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23
Q

Venus return _____ during exercise

A

increases

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24
Q

end-diastolic volume

A

vol of blood held in heart just before it beats

25
Q

if Venus return increases, ______ ______ will _______

A
  • end-diastolic volume
  • increase
26
Q

if end-diastolic volume increases, _______ ______ will ______

A
  • SV
  • increase
27
Q

if stroke volume increases, _______ ______ will ______

A
  • CO
  • increase
28
Q

cardiac cycle

A

mechanical events of 1 heart beat

29
Q

explain : heart is myogenic

A

beats automatically - heart generates own electrical impulse

30
Q

conduction system of heart:
1) ___ _______ sends __________ ________
2) ________ contract
3) _________ goes to ____ _________
4) ________ goes down ________ ____ _____
5) ________ goes into ___________ _______
6) ___________ contract
7) ________ leaves ____________

A

1) SA Node sends electronic stimulus
2) atria contract
3) stimulus goes to AV Node
4) stimulus goes down bundle of his
5) stimulus goes into purkinje fibres
6) ventricles contract
7) blood leaves ventricles

31
Q

what two phases make up the heart beat

A
  • diastole
  • systole
32
Q

how long does diastole last

A

0.5 seconds

33
Q

what phase is diastole

A

relaxation phase

34
Q

how long does systole last

A

0.3 seconds

35
Q

what phase is systole

A

contraction phase

36
Q

how long does one complete cardiac cycle take

A

0.8 seconds

37
Q

what happens during diastole

A

both atria fill with blood

38
Q

what happens during systole

A

both atria contract - forcing remaining atrial blood into ventricles

39
Q

name the 2 double circulatory systems

A
  • systemic system
  • pulmonary system
40
Q

what side is systemic system

A

left

41
Q

what side is pulmonary system

A

right

42
Q

where does systemic system go to

A

cells of body

43
Q

where does pulmonary system go to

A

lungs

44
Q

Systemic system:

oxygenated blood
1) ______ leaves _____ ________
2) goes into ______ & ________
3) then into _________
4) then into ________ –> _______ _________ occurs
5) in _________ _________

de-oxygenated blood
6) goes back into _________
7) then into _______
8) then into _______ ______
end of systemic system
9) then ______ _________
10) then ____________ _________
11) then into ______

A

oxygenated blood
1) blood leaves left ventricle
2) goes into aorta & arteries
3) then into arterioles
4) then into capillaries –> gaseous exchange occurs
5) in working muscles

de-oxygenated blood
6) goes back into venules
7) then into veins
8) then into right atrium
end of systemic system
9) then right ventricle
10) then pulmonary artery
11) then into lungs

45
Q

pulmonary system:
1) ______ leaves _____ ________
2) goes into ____________ _________
3) then into _______
4) then into ____________ _________
5) to the _____ ________

A

1) blood leaves right ventricle
2) goes into pulmonary artery
3) then into lungs
4) then into pulmonary vein
5) to the left atrium

46
Q

__________ blood goes from heart to _______

A
  • oxygenated
  • arteries
47
Q

arteries go to

A

arterioles

48
Q

arterioles go to

A

capillaries

49
Q

capillaries go to

A

venules

50
Q

venules go to

A

veins

51
Q

____________ blood goes from ______ to heart

A
  • de-oxygenated
  • veins
52
Q

gaseous exchange occurs where

A

capillaries

53
Q

blood always leaves the _________

A

ventricles

54
Q

blood always enters heart via _________

A

atrium

55
Q

_______ ventricle has a thicker muscle wall

A

left

56
Q

oxygenated blood enters heart via ___________ ______ to ______ __________

A
  • pulmonary vein
  • left ventricle
57
Q

oxygenated blood leaves the heart from ______ __________ to go through _______ to _________ ________

A
  • left ventricle
  • aorta
  • working muscles
58
Q

de-oxygenated blood enters heart via ______ ______ to ______ __________

A
  • vena cava
  • right atrium
59
Q

de-oxygenated blood leaves the heart from ______ __________ to go through _______ to _______

A
  • right ventricle
  • pulmonary artery
  • lungs

PE - physiological factors (31 decks)

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