ATP Flashcards
the bonds between adenosine and the 3 phosphates are ____ energy bonds
high
what is ATP
only useable form of energy in the body
how do other forms of energy (e.g. carbohydrates) become usable energy
converted into ATP
how is energy for muscle contraction created
breaking of bond between adenosine and one of its phosphates
what is an enzyme
biological catalyst that speeds up (or slows down) chemical reactions
what enzyme is used in this reaction:
ATP –> ADP + P + E
ATPase
what type of reaction is this:
ATP –> ADP + P + E
exothermic
what happens when bonds break
energy is released
how does the body make more energy after ATP is broken down
ADP re-synthesises back into ATP
is required for ATP re-synthesis
energy from food
what type of reaction is ATP re-synthesis
endothermic
why is ATP re-synthesis endothermic
requires energy to form bonds
what is a coupled reaction
where products of one reaction are used in another reaction
the breakdown and re-synthesis of ATP is called a _______ ________
coupled reaction
where is ATP stored
within the muscles
what is ATP made up of
1 adenosine
3 phosphate
why is the breakdown of ATP exothermic
energy is released
what type of energy does ATP breakdown produce for muscle contraction
kinetic cnegy
what happens of there is no ATP (2)
- no energy for work
- fatigue sets in
body has _______ stores of ATP
limited
how long can ATP supply energy for
2/3 seconds (typically fight or flight response)
where does energy to resynthesises ADP back into ATP come from (2 - linked)
the 3 energy systems
- ATP/PC
- Glycolytic
- Aerobic
produce energy
then coupled reactions use energy from energy systems for ATP re-synthesis
what is an exothermic reaction (2)
- compound broken down into smaller products
- chemical reaction releases energy as it progresses
what is an endothermic reaction (2)
- group of elements/smaller products combine to form a compound
- chemical reaction needs energy added for it to progress
