CV8

Question 1

what does a baroreceptor maintain

Answer 1

homeostasis of mean arterial blood pressure

Question 2

where are the main baroreceptors located

Answer 2

carotid artery
aorta

Question 3

baroreceptors are _______ active

Answer 3

tonically

Question 4

what does being tonically active mean

Answer 4

constantly firing APs

Question 5

what do baroreceptors sense

Answer 5

changes in pressure and stretch of walls

Question 6

when there is an increase in b blood pressure, baroreceptors will…

Answer 6

increase their firing rate

Question 7

where do baroreceptors send signals back to

Answer 7

the cardiovascular control centre

Question 8

what does the CVCC do when it gets a baroreceptor response

Answer 8

initiates an appropriate response

Question 9

if there is a huge increase in blood pressure, what does the CVCC do?

Answer 9

it activates parasympathetic output to try and resolve the blood pressure

Question 10

if there is a huge decrease in blood pressure, what does the CVCC do?

Answer 10

it activates sympathetic output to try and bring bp back up

Question 11

what is bp determined by

Answer 11

cardiac output and peripheral resistance

Question 12

what is orthostatic hypotension

Answer 12

causes dizziness after laying down for a long time and suddenly standing up

Question 13

what does orthostatic hypotension trigger

Answer 13

baroreceptor reflex

Question 14

how fast does baroreceptor activation occur

Answer 14

within 2 heart beats

Question 15

why does blood pool in lower extremities when you stand up

Answer 15

gravity

Question 16

what are peripheral chemoreceptors

Answer 16

they sense alterations in blood gas concentration and blood pH

Question 17

where are peripheral chemoreceptors located

Answer 17

carotid artery
aorta

Question 18

what does peripheral chemoreceptor activation change within respiratory system

Answer 18

changes the ventilation system within the respiratory system

Question 19

what is it called when you get a change in output from CVCC in response to some emotional stimuli

Answer 19

vasovagal syncope

Question 20

what does vasovagal syncope result in

Answer 20

a large increase in parasympathetic output and reduction in sympathetic output

Question 21

why would someone faint in response to an emotional stimuli

Answer 21

fall in blood pressure fails to activate normal baroreceptor responses

Question 22

if bulk flow is resulting in fluid moving into the capillaries, _________ is taking place

Answer 22

absorption

Question 23

if bulk flow is resulting in the fluid out of the capillaries, _______ is taking place

Answer 23

filtration

Question 24

what is hydrostatic pressure

Answer 24

the pressure in the blood vessels that drives fluid out of the capillaries

Question 25

what in oncotic pressure

Answer 25

the pressure that drives fluid into the capillaries (plasma proteins)

Question 26

what is the net filtration from the entire capillary network

Answer 26

loss of 3L of fluid a day from the blood

Question 27

what do lymphatic vessels do

Answer 27

assist the cardiovascular system with returning fluid and proteins lost throughout the capillaries

Question 28

where does lymph fluid empty into

Answer 28

venous return

Question 29

what causes edema

Answer 29

an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space

Question 30

what is the equation of velocity of blood flow

Answer 30

velocity of blood flow = flow rate / cross sectional area

Question 31

what does the slow velocity (because of cross sectional area) ensure in capillaries

Answer 31

efficient gas and nutrient exchange