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Bmsc207 > blood 1 > Flashcards

blood 1 Flashcards

1
Q

how much of blood is plasma

A

3 L

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2
Q

what is blood

A

a connective tissue composed of cellular elements suspended in a fluid matrix

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3
Q

whats the primary difference between plasma and the interstitial fluid

A

plasma proteins

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4
Q

whats the most abundant type of plasma proteins

A

albumins

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5
Q

what are albumins good for

A

they are good carriers for various substances

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6
Q

how much blood does cellular elements take up

A

2L

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7
Q

whats the most abundant cellular element

A

erythrocyte

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8
Q

what c causes filtration

A

hydrostatic pressure

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9
Q

whats our normal blood volume

A

5L

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10
Q

which sex has more blood ? how much?

A

males have more with about 80ml/kg

females have about 70ml/kg

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11
Q

what causes the difference in volume of blood between sexes?

A

its usually a difference in red blood cell numbers

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12
Q

what are the three components of blood

A

hematocrit
buffy coat
plasma

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13
Q

what is one way clinicians look if you have a disease

A

look at the hematocrit layer

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14
Q

what is the hematocrit

A

volume occupied by RBCs

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15
Q

what is the buffy coat layer

A

WBC and platelets

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16
Q

what is the plasma layer

A

plasma proteins
electrolytes
lipids

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17
Q

which layer takes up the most space

A

plasma with 60%

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18
Q

what is hematopoiesis

A

production of blood cells

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19
Q

where does it happen in adults

A

pelvis, spine, ribs, cranium, and proximal end of long bones

20
Q

where does hematopoiesis happen?

A

in bone marrow

21
Q

what are the cells produced the most (75%)? why?

A

WBCs - they have a very short lifespan

22
Q

what can hematopoiesis stem cells do

A

specialized stem cells that are capable of regenerating themselves and then transform into basically any cell

23
Q

how long to RBCs normally last

A

about 4 months

24
Q

what is hemopoiesis guided by

A

cell signalling molecules (cytokines)

25
Q

what is the cytokine involved in the production of red blood cells

A

erythropoietin

26
Q

what is the cytokines involved in making thrombocytes

A

thrombopoietin

27
Q

what is the cytokine involved in making WBC

A

colony stimulating factors

28
Q

what is RBC production called

A

erythropoiesis

29
Q

whats the most abundant cell type in the blood

A

erythrocytes

30
Q

what are RBC’s major tasks

A

carrying O2 from lungs to systemic tissue
carrying CO2 from the tissues to the lungs
assisting in the buffering of acids and bases

31
Q

what can the shape of RBC tell us

A

disease

32
Q

what is hemoglobin

A

oxygen carrying protein in RBC

33
Q

what do RBCs mainly consist of

A

hemoglobin

34
Q

how many oxygen can 1 heme group carry

A

1

35
Q

how many oxygen can 1 hemoglobin carry

A

4 O2

36
Q

where is 70% of iron in the body found

A

heme groups of haemoglobin

37
Q

what does hemoglobin synthesis require

A

iron

38
Q

what do WBC do

A

defend against infection

39
Q

what are the two kinds of wbcs

A

granulocytes
non granule containing lymphocytes and monocytes

40
Q

what are the 3 granulocytes

A

neutrophiles
eosinophils
basophils

41
Q

whats the most abundant leukocyte

A

neutrophils

42
Q

what are the non granule containing lymphocytes and monocytes

A

lymphocytes (T cells and B cells)
monocytes

43
Q

what immunity are lymphocytes a part of

A

adaptive immunity

44
Q

T cells do what immunity

A

cell mediated immunity

45
Q

B cells do what immunity

A

Humoral immunity

46
Q

what do eosinophils release

A

major basic protein

Bmsc207 (27 decks)

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