CV1 Flashcards
as distance increases, what happens to the diffusion of blood
it goes down
whats the primary role of the cardiovascular system
the distribution of dissolved gases and other molecules for. nutrition, growth and repair, while also removing cellular waste
what are the three basic functional parts of the circulatory system
heart
blood
vessels
what are the secondary roles of the circulatory system (3)
- chemical signalling
- dissipation of heat
- mediation of inflammatory responses
what are the three types of circulation in the circulatory system
materials entering the body
materials moved from cell to cell
materials leaving the body
what materials enter the body in the circulatory system
oxygen
nutrients
water
what materials are moved from cell to cell in the circulatory system
wastes
immune cells
hormones
stored nutrients
what materials leave the body in the circulatory system
metabolic wastes
heat
carbon dioxide
what are the two circuits of the heart
pulmonary circuit
systemic circuit
what does the pulmonary circuit do? what is it powered by?
carries deoxygenated blood through the lungs to pick up O2
it is powered by the right ventricle
that does the systemic system do?
what is it powered by?
carries oxygenated blood all around the body
it is powered by the left ventricle
what carries blood away from the heart?
arteries
what carries blood back tho the heart?
veins
what are the smallest vessels where transport takes place?
capillaries
what ensures that blood flows in one direction?
system of valves
what is unique about the digestive tract/liver portal system and the kidney portal system?
they have two capillary beds in series
(usually it goes artery, capillary, vein)
whats the main outflow artery of the systemic circuit
aorta
whats the “end” of the pulmonary cycle
left atrium
whats the “end” of the systemic circuit
right atrium
what side of the heart has oxygenated blood
left
what side of the heart has deoxygenated blood
right
whats the main outflow pump of the pulmonary circuit
right ventricle
whats the inter ventricular/ interatrial septum?
the muscle that separates the two sides of the heart
whats the main outflow pump for the systemic circuit
left ventricle
whats the main outflow artery for the pulmonary circuit
pulmonary trunk (artery)
how does blood flow
pressure gradients
what creates a pressure gradient
contraction of the ventricles
why would a pressure gradient get lower
friction
where is the highest pressure in the cardiovascular system, what about the lowest? (systemic circuit)
highest - aorta
lowest - venas cava
what makes blood flow
pressure gradient
when does blood flow into the ventricle
when it is relaxed
what causes the pressure gradient
contraction of the ventricle
the flow of blood in a tube is ___________ to the pressure gradient at each end of the tube
directly proportional
what does fluid flow through a tube depend on
the pressure gradient (the difference between the two numbers, not how large the numbers are)
