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Bmsc207 > CV6 > Flashcards

CV6 Flashcards

1
Q

is vascular smooth muscle always in a state of contraction

A

yes

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1
Q

where is the smooth muscle layer in a vascular smooth muscle

A

media (the middle one)

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2
Q

what make up the microcirculation

A

arterioles, capillaries, and venules

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3
Q

what is a metarteriole?

why isn’t it an arteriole

A

act as a bypass channel

not quite an arteriole because its not fully vascular smooth muscle

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4
Q

what are precapillary sphincters

A

vascular smooth muscle at the junctions between the arterioles and capillaries

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5
Q

what are the walls of arteries like

A

stiff and springy

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6
Q

are metarterioles thicker or thinner than capillaries

A

thicker

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7
Q

gases can normally ___________ across the endothelial cells

A

passively diffuse

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8
Q

what are capillaries linked by

A

interendothelial junctions

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9
Q

what are fenestrations? where are they located

A

pores along the membrane that allow transport

cells

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10
Q

what are capillaries usually surrounded by

A

pericytes (like a blood brain barrier)

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11
Q

what is the most common capillary

A

continuous capillary

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12
Q

which capillary does not contain fenestrations

A

continuous

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13
Q

which capillary has the least amount of transport and exchange

A

continuous

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14
Q

which capillaries have fenestrations

A

fenestrated and discontinued

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15
Q

which capillaries have a thin diaphragm making them selective

A

fenestration capillaries

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16
Q

which capillaries are found in the liver and spleen

A

discontinuous (sinusoidal)

17
Q

what are the three methods of transport in capillaries

A

transcellular transport
paracellular transport
transcytosis

18
Q

what is transcellular transport in capillaries

A

diffusion across the endothelial cell membrane
(aquaporin channels)

19
Q

what is paracellular transport in capillaries

A

diffusion through inter endothelial junctions, pores, or fenestration

20
Q

what is transcytosis In capillaries

A

endocytosis, vesicular transport, etc

21
Q

are there more veins or arteries

A

more veins. that is why they are the volume reservoir

22
Q

do arteries or veins have a thinner layer of vascular smooth muscle and elastic tissue

A

veins do

23
Q

what is angiogenesis

A

the formation of new blood vessels

24
Q

is adult microcirculation constant

A

yes

25
Q

what is a major driver of blood vessel growth

A

vascular endothelial growth factor

26
Q

what circuit is blood pressure related to

A

systemic circuit

27
Q

why are arteries the pressure reservoirs

A

they ensure that blood continues to flow even during ventricular relaxation
there is a pressure gradient at all times because they store pressure in elastic walls

28
Q

when is aortic pressure highest

A

ventricular contraction (systole)

29
Q

how to calculate pulse pressure

A

pulse pressure = systolic pressure - diastolic pressure

30
Q

where does pulse pressure usually exist

A

the arterial/arteriole side of the circuit

31
Q

can a pressure wave be felt

A

yes

32
Q

what is the mean arterial blood pressure

A

reflects the driving pressure for blood flow (commonly measured in bicep as a reflection of ventricle driving pressure

33
Q

mean arterial blood pressure calculation

A

map = Diastolic + 1/3 (systolic - diastolic)

34
Q

is the MAP an average of systolic and diastolic pressures? why or why not

A

no, because the time spent in systole is shorter than the time spent in diastolic

35
Q

what is hypotension

A

when the blood pressure is chronically toon low (lower than 90/60)

36
Q

what is hypertension

A

when the blood pressure is chronically higher (over 140/90)

37
Q

what is a blood leak in the brain called ? what is it caused by

A

cerebral hemorrhage

could be because of hypertension leading to weakened vessel walls

38
Q

what is blood pressure estimated by

A

sphygmomanometer

39
Q

what is a Karotkoff sound? what is it caused by

A

it is the audible sound of whooshing of blood

it is caused by pulsatile blood flow through the compressed artery

Bmsc207 (27 decks)

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