Culture 9

Question 1

COLLATERAL HOUSEHOLD

Answer 1

Is a type of expanded family household including siblings and their spouses and children.

Question 2

COLLECTIVISM

Answer 2

Individualism/Collectivism is one of the Hofstede dimensions in intercultural communication studies. “Collectivism pertains to societies in which people from birth onwards are integrated into strong, cohesive in-groups, which throughout people’s lifetime continue to protect them in exchange for unquestioning loyalty.”

Question 3

COLONIALISM

Answer 3

The political, social, economic, and cultural domination of a territory and its people by a foreign power for an extended time.

Question 4

COMMON INTEREST GROUPS

Answer 4

Associations that are formally recognized with a name and social organization, but are not based on age, kinship, marriage, or territory.

Question 5

COMMUNAL RELIGIONS

Answer 5

In Wallace’s typology, these religions have, in addition to shamanic cults, communal cults in which people organize community rituals such as harvest ceremonies and rites of passage.

Question 6

COMMUNISM

Answer 6

• A political theory of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.
• Communism is characterized by the common ownership of the means of production contra private ownership in capitalism.
• The Soviet Union was the first communist state and lasted from 1917 to 1991.

Question 7

COMMUNITAS

Answer 7

Intense community spirit, a feeling of great social solidarity, equality, and togetherness; characteristic of people experiencing liminality together.

Question 8

COMPARATIVE METHOD

Answer 8

• The comparison of people’s experiences of different types of social structure or social setting in terms of historical points in time, or across cultures at a single point in time.
• This is an approach which can shed light on the particular arrangements of both sides of the comparison.

Question 9

COMPASINO

Answer 9

An agricultural worker.

Question 10

COMPLEX SOCIETIES

Answer 10

Are usually nation states; large and populous, with social stratification and centralised forms of governments.

Question 11

CONCEPT

Answer 11

• Relates facts to propositions and theories.
• Concepts often become variables, but concept is more encompassing. Status and role are concepts.
• Ranking statuses according to social classes, e.g. Lower, middle, and upper, is a variable.

Question 12

CONNOTATION

Answer 12

• Used in semiotics to indicate the interpretive meanings of signs, which may be ideological.
• Thus a picture of a soldier saluting a flag connotes nationhood and patriotism as well as the more straightforward things such as soldier' and flag’ that it denotes.

Question 13

CONSANGUINEAL

Answer 13

Members of one’s kindred who are related by blood line.

Question 14

CONSANGUINEAL KIN

Answer 14

• A blood relative.
• An individual related by common descent from the same individual.
• In most societies of the world, kinship can be traced both by common descent and through marriage, although a distinction is usually made between the two categories.
• The degree of consanguinity between any two people can be calculated as the percentage of genes they share through common descent.

Question 15

CONSPICUOUS CONSUMPTION

Answer 15

• The excessive display of material items for the purpose of impressing others.
• People who make money very quickly or the noveau riche are often portrayed as doing this with unrefined taste.
• The term was first used by the American economist Thorstein Veblen, in The Theory of the Leisure Class (1899).