Culture 17

Question 1

ETHNOGRAPHIC NOVEL

Answer 1

An ethnographic description written as a story that may be about an ethnographer’s experience or about some event or problem.

Question 2

ETHNOGRAPHIC PRESENT

Answer 2

A description of a culture as it was prior to contact.

Question 3

ETHNOGRAPHY

Answer 3

A research methodology associated with anthropology and sociology that systematically tries to describe the culture of a group of people by trying to understand the natives’/insiders’ view of their own world (an emic view of the world).

Question 4

ETHNOLOGY

Answer 4

Cross-cultural comparison or the comparative study of ethnographic data, of society and of culture.

Question 5

ETHNOMETHODOLOGY

Answer 5

• Involves the examination of the ways in which people produce orderly social interaction on a routine, everyday basis.
• It provides the theoretical underpinning for conversation analysis.

Question 6

ETHNOMUSICOLOGY

Answer 6

Is the comparative study of the musics of different places of the world and of music as a central aspect of culture and society.

Question 7

ETHNOSEMANTICS

Answer 7

• Is the study of meaning attached to specific terms used by members of a group.
• Concentrates on the meaning of categories of reality and folk taxonomies to the people who use them.

Question 8

ETIC

Answer 8

• Is the research strategy used by ethnographers that emphasizes the observer’s rather than the natives’ explanations, categories, and criteria of significance.
• Is the phase in the study of a particular culture, after having experienced it and participated in it first-hand, of “stepping back” and evaluating the experience into explanatory terms in one’s own culture (see emic perspective).

Question 9

EVOLUTION

Answer 9

• Change in the form of a culture.
• Usually a process of internal cultural change.

Question 10

EXCAVATION

Answer 10

Digging through the layers of deposits that make up an archaeological site.

Question 11

EXOGAMY

Answer 11

• Is the custom of marrying outside a specific group to which one belongs.
• Some experts hold that this custom originated from a scarcity of women, which forced men to seek wives from other groups, e.g., marriage by capture.
• Another viewpoint ascribes the origin of exogamy to totemism, and claim that a religious respect for the blood of a totemic clan, led to exogamy.
• The opposite of exogamy is endogamy.

Question 12

EXPATRIATE

Answer 12

• Someone who has left his or her home country to live and work in another country.
• When we go to another country to live, we become expatriates or expats for short.

Question 13

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH

Answer 13

• A research methodology used to establish cause-and-effect relationships between the independent and dependent variables by means of manipulation of variables, control and randomisation.
• A true experiment involves the random allocation of participants to experimental and control groups, manipulation of the independent variable, and the introduction of a control group for comparison purposes.
• Participants are assessed before and after the manipulation of the independent variable in order to assess its effect on the dependent variable (the outcome).

Question 14

EXPRESSIVE CULTURE

Answer 14

The arts; people express themselves creatively in dance, music, song, painting, sculpture, pottery, cloth, storytelling, verse, prose, drama, and comedy.

Question 15

EXTENDED FAMILY

Answer 15

• The relatives of an individual, both by blood and by marriage, other than its immediate family, such as aunts, uncles, grandparents and cousins, who live in close proximity and often under one roof.
• Are very common in collectivistic cultures.
• This is the opposite of the nuclear family.