Culture 41 Flashcards
SELF-AFFIRMATION
A phenomenon in which an individual responds to a threat to self-esteem by enhancing some facet of the self-concept.
SELF-AWARENESS
- A psychological state in which individuals focus their attention on and evaluate different aspects of their self-concepts.
- These can vary from physical experiences to differences between “Ideal” self and “Real” self.
SELF-CATEGORIZATION
The process of an individual spontaneously including herself or himself as a member of a group.
SELF-CONCEPT
The entirety of an individual’s thoughts and feelings with reference to the self as an object.
SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS
An inclination to focus on one’s self. Private self-consciousness relates to self-awareness, while public self-consciousness handles other people’s view of the self.
SELF-DISCLOSURE
How an individual reveals information about the self; self-revelation.
SELF-ESTEEM
The evaluation of oneself in either positive or negative terms.
SELF-FULFILLING PROPHECY
- When a perceiver’s belief about an observed person can actually elicit desired behaviour from the observed person.
- Also called expectancy confirmation sequence.
SELF-HANDICAPPING STRATEGY
Any action or choice of performance setting that increases the opportunity to avoid blame for failure and to get credit for success.
SELF-MONITORING
- The use by an individual of cues from other people’s self-presentations to control his or her own self-presentation.
- Impression management in social relations require well-developed self-presentation skills acquired through high self-monitoring.
SELF-PERCEPTION THEORY
Proposes that we learn about our emotions, attitudes and other internal states by observing our own behaviour.
SELF-SCHEMA
Cognitive generalizations about own self. These guide and organize the processing of self-related information.
SELF-SERVING ATTITUDE BIAS
A tendency to infer causes for events in order to confirm the individual’s self-concept, usually by claiming greater personal responsibility for beneficial outcomes than negative outcomes.
SEMANTIC DIFFERENTIAL TECHNIQUE
A method of measuring attitude in which test subjects rate a concept on a series of bipolar scales of adjectives.
SEMANTICS
A language’s meaning system.
