Culture 26

Question 1

LIFE HISTORY

Answer 1

Provides a personal cultural portrait of existence or change in a culture.

Question 2

LIMINALITY

Answer 2

The critically important marginal or in-between phase of a rite of passage.

Question 3

LINEAGE

Answer 3

Unilineal descent group based on demonstrated descent.

Question 4

LINEAL RELATIVE

Answer 4

Any of ego’s or principal subjects’s ancestors or descendants (e.g., parents, grandparents, children, grandchildren) on the direct line of descent that leads to and from ego.

Question 5

LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY

Answer 5

The descriptive, comparative, and historical study of language and of linguistic similarities and differences in time, space, and society.

Question 6

LINGUISTIC REPERTOIRE

Answer 6

• A term used in discourse analysis to refer to the resources (discourses, intersubjective meanings, etc.)
• On which people draw in order to construct accounts.

Question 7

LONGITUDINAL RESEARCH

Answer 7

Long-term study of a community, region, society, culture, or other unit, usually based on repeated visits.

Question 8

MACHISMO

Answer 8

• The word machismo-and its derivatives machista and macho, comes from the Spanish word macho, meaning “male” or “manly” and refers to a prominently exhibited or excessive masculinity.
• Machistas firmly believe in the superiority of men over women and that women were created to stay home and be mothers and wives.
• In many cultures, from Latin America to Korea and to countries of the Muslim world, machismo is acceptable and even expected male behaviour.

Question 9

MAGIC

Answer 9

• Use of supernatural techniques to accomplish specific aims.
• Common in many societies.
• Example: Folk magic, Witchcraft or Voodoo.

Question 10

MANA

Answer 10

Sacred impersonal force in Melanesian and Polynesian religions.

Question 11

MANDALA

Answer 11

Artistic representation of the cosmos, a focus for meditation.

Question 12

MANIOC, ALSO CALLED “CASSAVA”

Answer 12

Plants grown in the tropics for their starchy, edible rootstock, commonly found as a dietary staple among gardening peoples.

Question 13

MARGINALITY

Answer 13

• Used to describe the typical position of the ethnographer, who exists on the margins of the social world being studied, in that he or she is neither a full participant nor a full observer.
• Also used to describe groups of people living outside mainstream culture.

Question 14

MARKET PRINCIPLE

Answer 14

• Profit-oriented principle of exchange that dominates in states, particularly industrial states.
• Goods and services are bought and sold, and values are determined by supply and demand.

Question 15

MARKET-BASED STATES

Answer 15

Modern states e.g UK, where the market is the dominant means by which land, labour, capital and goods are exchanged and has a major influence over social and political organization.