Culture 46

Question 1

STRENGTH

Answer 1

Power, status or resources associated with a social influence agent in social impact theory.

Question 2

STRESS

Answer 2

• An imbalance between environmental demands and an organism’s response capabilities.
• Also the human body’s response to excessive change.

Question 3

STRUCTURALISM

Answer 3

• There has been a number of forms of “structuralism” in the history of anthropology. Structural-functionalism approaches the basic structures of a given society as serving key functions in meeting basic human needs.
• Another form of structuralism, developed by Claude Levi-Strauss, argues that social/cultural structures are actually rooted in the fundamental structure of the human brain, which generates basic building-blocks of social/cultural systems.
• In this approach, culture is studied for its deeper meaning to be discovered in the careful structural analysis of meaning in myth and ritual.

Question 4

STYLE SHIFTS

Answer 4

Variations in speech in different contexts.

Question 5

SUB-CULTURE

Answer 5

• A part or subdivision of a dominant culture or an enclave within it with a distinct integrated network of behaviour, beliefs and attitudes.
• May be distinctive because of the race, ethnicity, social class, gender or age of its members.

Question 6

SUBCULTURES

Answer 6

Different cultural traditions associated with subgroups in the same complex society.

Question 7

SUBGROUPS

Answer 7

Languages within a taxonomy of related languages that are most closely related.

Question 8

SUBORDINATE

Answer 8

The lower, or underprivileged, group in a stratified system.

Question 9

SUBSISTENCE

Answer 9

The way by which a culture obtains its food.

Question 10

SUBSISTENCE FARMERS

Answer 10

When there is very little surplus and nearly all that is produced goes to supporting the farm household.

Question 11

SUN BELT

Answer 11

• Used for the major growth areas of the southern and western parts of the USA during recent years in contrast to the contracting and declining industrial base of the north-east (rust belt).
• The term has also been used in other parts of the developed world to describe dynamic regions, e.g. The M4 corridor in England.

Question 12

SUPEREGO

Answer 12

• In psychoanalytic theory, the part of personality oriented toward morally proper actions; the conscience.
• The superego includes a person’s ideal self-image.

Question 13

SUPERNATURAL

Answer 13

Characteristics of the reality beyond the senses.

Question 14

SUPERORDINATE

Answer 14

The upper, or privileged, group in a stratified system.

Question 15

SUPERORDINATE GOAL

Answer 15

A significant goal that can be achieved only through cooperation among different individuals and groups.