Culture 10

Question 1

CONTACT ZONE

Answer 1

The space in which transculturation takes place, where two different cultures meet and inform each other, often in highly asymmetrical ways.

Question 2

CONTENT ANALYSIS

Answer 2

Normally used in methods texts to refer to the quantitative analysis of texts or images, content analysis is in practice often combined with qualitative thematic analysis to produce a broadly interpretive approach in which quotations as well as numerical counts are used to summarise important facets of the raw materials analysed,.

Question 3

CONTINGENCY TABLE

Answer 3

• A table of numbers in which the relationship between two variables is shown.
• Can usefully be broken down into rows and columns.
• Percentages placed in the cells of the table, giving the proportion which each cell contributes to the sum of particular rows or columns, are often helpful in detecting the strength and direction of relationships.

Question 4

CORE

Answer 4

Dominant structural position in the world system; consists of the strongest and most powerful states with advanced systems of production.

Question 5

CORE VALUES

Answer 5

Basic, or central values that integrate a culture and help distinguish it from others.

Question 6

CORE-PERIPHERY

Answer 6

The structural relation between centralized core, often an urban area, and communities on the periphery, usually tribal or rural, resource-based communities.

Question 7

CORRELATION

Answer 7

• In social statistics this term means the same as association, referring to a situation where two variables vary together.
• Amongst other things an association or correlation may be positive (in which case the two variables rise together) or negative (where one goes down the other goes up).
• Correlation coefficients (or tests of association) exist to indicate the strength and direction of linear relationships like this.

Question 8

COSMOLOGY

Answer 8

Ideas and beliefs about the universe as an ordered system, its origin and the place of humans in the universe through which, people in that culture understand the makeup and the workings of all things.

Question 9

COUNTERCULTURE

Answer 9

• Is a sociological term used to describe a cultural or social group whose values and norms are at odds with those of the social mainstream.
• The term became popular during the youth rebellion and unrest in the USA and Western Europe in the 1960s as a reaction against the conservative social norms of the 1950s.
• The Russian term Counterculture has a different meaning and is used to define a cultural movement that promotes acting outside the usual conventions of Russian culture, using explicit language, graphical description of sex, violence and illicit activities.
• In an Asian context as launched by Dr. Sebastian Kappen, an Indian Theologian very influential in the third world, means an approach for navigating between the two opposing cultural phenomena in modern Asian countries: (1) invasion by western capitalist culture and (2) the emergence of revivalist movements in reaction. Identification with the first requires losing own identity and with the second results in living in a world of obsolete myths and phantoms of the dead past. Thus discovering one’s own cultural roots in a creative and yet critical fashion while being open to the positive facets of the other.

Question 10

CREOLE

Answer 10

A person of mixed Spanish and Black African or French and Black African ancestry.

Question 11

CRIMES

Answer 11

Violations against the state.

Question 12

CROSS COUSINS

Answer 12

Children of a brother and a sister.

Question 13

CROSS CULTURAL

Answer 13

• Interaction between individuals from different cultures.
• The term cross-cultural is generally used to describe comparative studies of cultures.
• Inter cultural is also used for the same meaning.

Question 14

CROSS CULTURAL AWARENESS

Answer 14

• Develops from cross-cultural knowledge as the learner understands and appreciates the deeper functioning of a culture.
• This may also be followed by changes in the learner’s own behaviour and attitudes and a greater flexibility and openness becomes visible.

Question 15

CROSS CULTURAL COMPETENCE

Answer 15

• Is the final stage of cross-cultural learning and signals the individual’s ability to work effectively across cultures.
• Necessitates more than knowledge, awareness and sensitivity because it requires the digestion, integration and transformation of all the skills and information acquired through them and applied to create cultural synergy within the workplace or elsewhere.
• This should be the aim of all those dealing with multicultural clients, customers or colleagues.