Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Oculomotor nerve somatic efferent

Answer 1

Levator palpabrae superioris, superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus and inferior oblique

Question 2

Oculomotor nerve visceral efferent

Answer 2

Sphincter pupillae for pupillary constriction

Ciliary muscles for lens accommodation

Question 3

Trigeminal nerve brachial efferent

Answer 3

Temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoids, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, anterior belly of digastric, mylohyoid

Question 4

Facial nerve exit from skull

Answer 4

Through stylomastoid foramen (leaves cranial cavity through internal acoustic meatus and gives rise to branches in facial canal of temporal bone prior to exiting through stylomastoid foramen)

Question 5

Facial nerve general somatic afferent

Answer 5

sensory from part of external acoustic meatus and deepr parts of auricle

Question 6

Facial nerve special afferent

Answer 6

Taste from anterior 2 thirds of tongue

Question 7

Facial nerve general visceral efferent

Answer 7

lacrimal gland, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

Question 8

Facial nerve muscles

Answer 8

muscles of facial expression and scalp derived from second pharyngeal arch, and stapedius, posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid

Question 9

Glossopharyngeal nerve GVA

Answer 9

carotid body and sinus

Question 10

Glossopharyngeal nerve GSA

Answer 10

posterior one third of tongue, palatine tonsils, oropharynx, mucosa of middle ear

Question 11

Glossopharyngeal SA

Answer 11

taste from posterior one third of tongue

Question 12

Glossopharyngeal GVE

Answer 12

parotid gland

Question 13

Glossopharyngeal muscle

Answer 13

Stylopharyngeus muscle

Question 14

Vagus nerve GSA

Answer 14

sensory from larynx, laryngopharynx, deeper parts of auricle, part of external acoustic meatus

Question 15

Vagus nerve GVA

Answer 15

sensory from aortic body chemoreceptors and aortic arch baroreceptors, oesophagus, bronchi, lungs, heart and abdominal viscera of foregut and midgut

Question 16

Vagus nerve SA

Answer 16

Taste from epiglottis and pharynx

Question 17

Vagus nerve GVE

Answer 17

smooth muscle and glands in pharynx, larynx, thoracic viscera and abdominal viscera of foregut and midgut

Question 18

Vagus nerve muscle

Answer 18

1 tongue muscle - palatoglossus
muscles of soft palate - except tensor veli palatini
pharynx - except stylopharyngeus
Larynx

Question 19

Hypoglossal nerve muscle

Answer 19

Hyoglossus, genioglossus, styloglossus

All intrinsic muscles of tongue

Question 20

Five pharyngeal arches that innervates muscles

Answer 20

First - V3
second arch - facial nerve
third arch - glossopharyngeal
fourth arch - superior laryngeal branch of vagus
Fifth arch - inferior laryngeal branch of vagus

Question 21

Facial nerve pathway in skull

Answer 21

After entering facial canal, sensory and motor root fuses to form geniculate ganglion, at which point gives off greater petrosal nerve which carries mainly parasympathetic GVE fibers (lacrimal, submandibular, sublingual)

Then continues along bony canal giving off nerve to stapedius and chorda tympani before exiting skull through stylomastoid foramen

Question 22

Chorda tympani

Answer 22

Carries taste from anterior two thirds of tongue and GVE fibers destined for submandibular ganglion

Question 23

Parasympathetic ganglia of head

Answer 23

Ciliary ganglion - C3 (branch to ciliary ganglion) - sphincter pupillae
Pterygopalatine - C7 (greater petrosal nerve) - lacrimal gland
Otic - C9 (lesser petrosal nerve) - parotid gland
Submandibular - C7 (chorda tympani to lingual) - submandibular and sublingual

Question 24

Tympanic nerve

Answer 24

branches from glossophrayngeal either within or immediately outside jugular foramen.

Lesser petrosal nerve (GVE fibers) is a branch of tympanic plexus - exits through foramen ovale

Question 25

Corneal reflex

Answer 25

Afferent - trigeminal

Efferent - Facial

Question 26

Gag reflex

Answer 26

Afferent - Glossopharyngeal

Efferent - Vagus

Question 27

Pupillary reflex

Answer 27

Afferent - optic

Efferent - oculomotor