Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CPR Exam 1 > CP Neurology > Flashcards

CP Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the four primary restriction points of the esophagus?

A

At the…

Cricopharyngeus muscle

Arch of the aorta

Left main bronchus

Passage of the esophagus through the diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What major nerve does the left recurrent laryngeal nerve come off of?

A

The left vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What nerve contributes to the anterior vagal trunk?

A

Left vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What nerve contributes to the posterior vagal trunk?

A

Right vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What three cervical nerves supply the phrenic nerve?

A

C3, C4, C5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where will you find the phrenic nerve near to the heart?

A

Almost “buried in the heart.”

Between the fibrous pericardium and the mediastinal parietal pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the atypical intercostal nerves?

A

1-2

7-11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the three major branches of the intercostal nerves?

A

Lateral cutaneous branches

Muscular branches

Anterior cutaneous branches

(rami communicans and collaterals, too)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why does the anterior ramus of the 1st thoracic spinal nerve make an atypical intercostal nerve?

A

Because most of the 1st thoracic spinal nerve joins with the brachial plexus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why is the second intercostal nerve atypical?

A

Because it makes a cutaneous branch that joins with “a brachial component” to make the intercostobrachial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why are intercostal nerves 7-11 atypical?

A

As they run around the ribs, they continue past the ribs and become thoracoabdominal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is the lateral horn of the spinal cord found?

A

T1-L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do we call a presynaptic nerve fiber heading to a prevertebral ganglion?

A

A Splanchnic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the five major divisions of the parasympathetic element of the vagus nerve in the thorax?

A

Superior cardiac branch

Middle cardiac branch

Inferior cardiac branch

Pulmonary branches

Esophageal branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the sympathetic and parasympathetic contributions to the:

Pulmonary plexus

A

Sympathetic: Pulmonary splanchnic nerves

Parasympathetic: Pulmonary branch of the vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the sympathetic and parasympathetic contributions to the:

Superficial and Deep Cardiac Plexus

A

Sympathetic: Cardiac Splanchnic Nerves

Parasympathetic: Superior, Middle, and Inferior Cardiac branches of the vagus nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The aortic plexus has the same sympathetic and parasympathetic contribution as what other plexus?

A

The cardiac plexus

(Cardiac splanchnic nerves / Superior, middle, and inferior cardiac branches of the vagus nerve.)

18
Q

What are the sympathetic and parasympathetic contributions to the:

Esophageal Plexus

A

Sympathetic: Greater splanchnic nerve

Parasympathetic: Esophageal branches of the vagus nerve

19
Q

What are the regions of the esophagus?

A

Cervical Part

Thoracic Part: T1-esophageal hiatus of diaphragm

Abdominal Part

20
Q

What are the upper and lower sphincters of the esophagus?

A

At the Cricopharyngeus M. (Upper esophageal constrictor)

At the Esophageal Hiatus of the Thoracic Diaphragm (Lower esophageal sphincter)

21
Q

What are three other branches off of the Vagus N.?

A

Left Recurrent Laryngeal N. (Loops under Lig. Arteriosum)

Anterior Vagal Trunk

Posterior Vagal Trunk

22
Q

The PNS has limited distribution in the head/neck/trunk, whereas sympathetic innervation

A

distributes to all vascular areas of the body and contributes indirectly to non-sweat gland secretions through vasoconstriction

23
Q

Glandular secretion is stimulated by

A

PNS (except sweat glands)

24
Q

Are the coronary arteries sympathetically stimulated to vasoconstrict?

A

NO

25
Q

What paravertebral sympathetic ganglia that contains presynaptic sympathetic nerve fibers is presence in the thorax?

A

Thoracic Sympathetic Trunk

26
Q

What are the presynaptic cell bodies in the lateral horn of the SC at T1-5/6 synapsing in the cervical and thoracic sympathetic trunks called?

A

Cardiac Splanchnic N. (send fibers to the superficial and deep cardiac plexus)

27
Q

what are the presynaptic cell bodies in the lateral horn of the spinal cord at levels T2-3 that synapse onto the postsynaptic cell bodies in the thoracic sympathetic trunk called?

A

Pulmonary splanchnic N. (send fibers to the pulmonary plexus)

28
Q

What are the spinal levels and associations of the Greater Splanchnic N?

A

T5-9/10

sends fibers to esophageal plexus and celiac ganglion/plexus

29
Q

What are the spinal levels for the Lesser Splanchnic N. and where do its fibers go?

A

T10-11

sends fibers to the celiac and superior mesenteric ganglion/plexus

30
Q

What is the spinal level of the Least Splanchnic N. and where do its fibers go?

A

T12

sends fibers to the aorticorenal ganglion

31
Q

What does the superior cardiac branch originate and where does it go?

A

originates in neck and goes through the superior aperture with the cardiac splanchnic nerves to form the cardiac plexus

32
Q

Where does the middle cardiac branch originate and where does it go?

A

originates in neck and goes through superior throacic aperture with cardiac splanchnic to make cardiac plexus

33
Q

Where does the inferior cardiac branch originate and where does it go?

A

originates in the thorax and goes with cardiac splanchnic Ns. to make cardiac plexus

34
Q

Where doe the esophageal branches come from and where do they go?

A

after making pulmonary branches, the vagus nerve becomes indistinguisable from the esophageal plexus that covers the inferior 2/3 of the esophagus

35
Q

What is the function of the pulmonary plexus?

A

innervates lungs, bronchi and pleura

Symp: dilates bronchi, inhibits glands, vasoconstricts, visceral sensor

Parasymp: constricts bronchi, glands, vasodilates, cough reflex, sensor, chemoreceptor

36
Q

What is the function of the Cardiac Plexus?

A

symp: nodal tissue in heart, contraction force, vasomotor to pericardium

Parasymp: decrease HR, reduces the force of heart contraction and vasoconstricts arteries

37
Q

What is the function of the esophageal plexus?

A

Symp: inhibit peristalsis and esophageal glands

Parasymp: stimulates peristalsis and esophageal glands

38
Q

Are cardiopulmonary splancnic N. post-synaptic or pre-synaptic

A

POST synaptic

presynaptic descend before synapsing

39
Q

Are abdominopelvic splanchnic N. pre-synaptic or post-synaptic?

A

pre-synaptic (includes great, lesser and least splanchnic nerves)

40
Q

Overview of the autonomic elements in the thorax:

Sympathetic

A

presynaptic cell bodies: lateral horn of Spinal Cord

presynaptic cell fibers: go to paravertebral ganglion at same level and become abdominopelvic splanchnic N.

post-synaptic cell bodies: at paravertebral ganglion in same or different level and prevertebral ganglion

41
Q

Overview of the autonomic elements of the thorax:

Parasympathetic

A

presynaptic cell bodies: cranial part (brain stem) and sacral part

Presynatic cell fibers: cranial nerves or pelvic splanchnic N.

postsynaptic cell bodies: 4 cranial ganglia in the target organ

CPR Exam 1 (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions