Counter-urbanisation

Question 1

Counter urbanisation

Answer 1

. Extending beyond the city area and marks the apparent reversal of the urbanisation process which is occuring in MEDCs i.e. urban rural migration is taking place
. People going to live in rural settlements

Question 2

Who is moving

Answer 2

. The most affluent and mobile people

. Families with children keen to avoid disadvantages of the city

Question 3

Why do people want to leave the cities? (Push)

Answer 3

. Traffic congestion
. Pollution
. Fear os crime (muggings, burglary and car theft

Question 4

Why would people want to move to the countryside? (Pull)

Answer 4

. Rural drea - idea of pleasant surroundings

. Estate agents, housing development

Question 5

Factors that help counter urbanisation

Answer 5

. Freezers, tv, phones

. Technology - emails, intenet, ‘electronic communting

Question 6

Who moves back to the city?

Answer 6

. Young couples with no children

. Older people (divorced or prefer availability of services in urban areas)

Question 7

Why do people move back

Answer 7

. Shorter commuting distance for those who work in the city
. Entertainment - night life, clubs, theatre
. Apartemnts with security
. 3 storey town houses - densification

Question 8

Consequences for the rural settlement of urbanisation (negative)

Answer 8

. House prices increase, locals cannot buy property where they grew up.
. Local resentment caused
. Lack of appreciation for traditional customs
. Domitory villages lose vitality and commmunity spirit
. Increased car poulltion and accidents in area

Question 9

Consequences for the rural settlement of urbanisation (positive)

Answer 9

. Supports some local facilities like builders
. Improvemnt in services e.g. gas, cable tv, broadband
. Landowners ca sell at higher prices
. More jobs for less skilled like painters instead of traditional rural jobs like farming

Question 10

Original village

Answer 10

. Small close knit community
. Stone built house or thatched - architecture is 100+ years old
. Narrow roads, limited cars
. Village shop, pub, small scool etc.
. Primary jobs like farming
. Quiet, poulltion free, open space

Question 11

Suburban village

Answer 11

. New detached houses on small estses
. Loss of community, domitory villages, resentment of new arrivals
. Declining bus service, improved roads
. More noise and pollution, loss of open space
. Closure of basic shops
. Schools close/enlarge
. Professional, middle/wealthy residents

Question 12

St Ives

Answer 12

. In Cambridgeshire
. Example of counter urbanisation 
. In 1961 the population was just 3800
. In 2010 the population reached 16,400
. 25% commute to London each day

Question 13

Impact in St Ives

Answer 13

. Along A14 taffic congestion is a problem
. House price rose from £130,000 to £290,000 between 2000 and 2010 - locals cant afford this
. To cope with the demand houses are built on the flood plain south of the Ouse
. Population structure changed, shift from old to young families straining schools

Question 14

Management in St Ives

Answer 14

. Future development will be controlled
. Plans to expand the primary school - 240 more places
. Building flood protection - nearly £9 mil
. £115 mil busway linking St Ives to Huntingdon and Cambridge to reduce A14 congestion
. 200 new homes to be built, 75 will be affordable

Question 15

Social rent

Answer 15

Houses rented out by the council at low rates

Question 16

Low cost ownership

Answer 16

. Buying a house at a discount or a share of the house and renting the rest