Contingency planning/ Who owns disease? Flashcards
Define disease
a pathological condition of a part, organ or system of an organism resulting from various causes, such as infection, genetic defect, environmental stress and characterised by an identifiable group of symptoms
Define health
a state of physical and psycholgical well-being that allows the organism to function normally (express its genetic potential for productivity and reproductive performance)
Define welfare
physical and psychological well-being
Why are animal health and welfare important?
- fundamental requirement of civilised society, all animals should be treated with care, dignity, respect
- legal requirement
- optimises performance and productivity
- promotes food quality, safety and security
- protects public health
- meets cutsomer/consumer expectations
- meets farmer expectations - pride and satisfaction
- protects the environment
What are drivers for change?
- FMD 2001
- GB animal health and welfare strategy in 2004
- animal welfare act 2006
- devolved powers and devolved budgets
- financial climate
- responsibility and cost sharing agenda
- animal health and welfare board for england
- surveillance 2014 review
- new rural development plan 2014
- EU animal health law
- recent food scares
Outline the GB AHW Strategy
- published in 2004 after 2001 FMD
- Anderson report: the tax payer could never again bear the full cost of such an epidemic
- 10 y plan of continuing and lasting improvement in standards of health and welfare of all animals kept for food, sport, work and compnaionship
Outline ‘economic diseases’
- main impact on farmer/keeper
- affects productivity and performance
- could affect welfare
- could affect food quality and /or availability
- increases production costs
- may or may not affect neighbouring populations
- could have environmental impact
What are the 4 basic principles of infectious disease control?
- keep it out
- find it fast
- stop it spreading
- eradicate it
Impacts of notifiable disease
- impacts on farmer/keeper
- affects productivity
- could affect welfare
- could affect food quality and availability
- increases costs (tx, lower performance)
- may or may not affect neighbouring / adjacent populations
- could affect environment
- statutory legislative framework
What are risk factors for keeping disease out?
- location
- incoming livestock
- visitors
- vehicles
- feed, bedding
- wildlife
- environment
What should a biosecurity policy detail?
- location
- farm design
- contagious herds/ flocks
- replacement livestock - sourcing
- intake protocol - quarantine
- C and D
- feed, bedding, water
- fallen stock
- vehicles
- visitors
- wildlife
List disease control objectives
- protect public health
- protect welfare of poultry and other captive birds
- minimise the # birds to be culled
- minimise the impact on trade
- cause least possible disruption to the wider economy
- minimise damage to natural environment
- minimise burden to taxpayer and public
- achieve dz free status as quickly as possible
When was the last FMDV outbreak before 2001?
1967
T/F: it is illegal to dock bovine tails in the UK
True
T/F: you are only legally allowed to dock pig’s tails if a vet deems it necessary because of a tail biting problem
True
How do you decide if a disease primarily affects public interest or economy?
- is it infectious?
- what species are affected?
- is it zoonotic?
- does it seriously compromise animal welfare?
- is it of economic significance to farmer/owner/ nation?
- does it affect food security?
- does it affect international trade/ animal movements?
- does it affect the environment?
- is it a new disease?
Describe a contingency plan
- sets out government response to a notifiable disease emergency
- systems, procedures and lines of communication for those involved in an animal disease outbreak
- for stakeholders to understand government’s response
- for operational partners to understand how their work fits into the bigger picture
How do you ensure a state of preparedness for an incursion of exotic notifiable disease?
- horizon scanning
- planning (GB and national plans reviewed and published annually)
- practice/ exercises (legal requirement)
- learning through experience
Outline exercises
- local exercises: each APHA office conducts at least one local full-scale exercise every two years
- national exercises: each Member State required to exercise their FMD contingency plan twice within a 5 year period.
Emergency response - objectives
- to eradicate disease and regain disease free status
- to protect public health and safety
- safeguard the health and safety of those directly involved in controlling the outbreak
- to minimise the burden on taxpayer and public, as well as the ecnomic impact of the outbreak on the industry
Key players - emergency response
- government (all 4 administrations)
- APHA
- other operational partners (Local authorities, public health, FSA, police, army, environment agency, RSPCS
- experts/ specialists (RSPB, wildlife groups)
- stakeholders (farming unions, vets, auctioneers)
- also - other affected groups
