Concepts related to content build Flashcards
Five steps involved in computer programming:
Problem Definition
Program Design
Program Preparation
Program Testing
Program Implementation
Called Function Specification
Problem Definition
Identify what the program will do (inputs/ outputs);
Program Design
The code is written in a programming language
Program Preparation
Alpha testing is carried out by the programmers and system analyst
Program Testing
Carried out to check for accuracy and sufficiency
Beta testing
Trained users test the full program
Program implementation
All computer software is written in a specific
Programming language
The first generation programming language is called…
Binary
Machine language made up of two symbols that signify off (0) and on (1)
Binary
Second generation language is called
Assembler Language
Uses English letters and symbols but relates them directly to Binary.
Assembler Language
FORTRAN, COBOL, Java, and Visual BASIC are examples of…
Third generation programming languages.
Procedural language that require the user to specify both the exact procedure to be carried out as well as the data involved.
FORTRAN and COBOL
Used for internet content
Java
Visual programming language
Visual BASIC
Programming language that allows users to choose procedures from a menu instead of having to specify them with code.
Fourth Generation
Program language in which people will be able to speak directly to computers and have them carry out the verbal commands.
Fifth generation
Fourth generation programming language (4GL) that differs from 3GLs, such as Java, that uses syntax similar to human language to access, manipulate, and retrieve data from relational database management systems, which store data in tables.
Structured Query Language (SQL)
Language elements of SQL include the following:
Clauses, expressions, predicates, Queries, and statements
From, where, group by, having, and ordered by
Clauses
Produce scales and tables
Expressions
Three - valued logic (null, true, false) and Boolean truth values
Predicates
Require a SELECT statement
Queries
Includes the semicolon
Statements
Calls on itself repeatedly until a match is made
Recursion
This type of algorithm is often used in functional programming.
Recursion
Uses constructs that repeat themselves many times with the possible addition of other information to find a solution.
Iterative
Uses the controlled dedication of axioms.
Logical
One instruction is performed after another
Serial
Breaks up the algorithm into parts that can be solved on different machines and then brings the separate answers together for the results.
Parallel and distributive
Uses precise decisions or uses a heuristically designed system of guessing
Deterministic/ Non- deterministic
Determines a concrete answer or determines an answer that is close enough
Exact/ Approximate
Separates the problem into smaller and smaller sub problems until each sub- problem can be solved easily.
Divide and Conquer
Breaks the problem down into problems that have already been solved in order to find the answer more quickly.
Dynamic Programming
Makes sure of approximate answers to sub-problems and can be the fastest way to find solutions.
Greedy Method
Inputs are restricted based on a predetermined construct.
Linear Programming
Changes the problem into a simpler problem
Reduction
Specifies rules in the form of a graph.
Search and Enumeration
he advantages of automated documentation include
increased productivity
Increased productivity in automated documentation is due to:
Decreases in cost, errors, and omissions.
Improved care and communications.
Easier access to patient information.
Uses menu selections or text entry fields
Narrative charting
allows the nurse to view normal values and change only those values for which the patient does not conform to the norm.
Charting by exception
charting makes use of a graphical user interface to allow the nurse to enter information from a selection of menus
Flow sheet
fonts especially designed for the internet
Verdana and Lucida Sans/Grande
Font size should be
12–14 for standard text
