Complement System- Consequences Flashcards
What are the 3 major consequences of the complement activation?
Direct killing of pathogens
Promote phagocytosis of pathogens
Promote inflammation
What is a substance which binds to foreign pathogens making them more susceptible to phagocytosis?
Opsonin
What requires C5a, serves as an opsonin and opsonizes pathogens to enhance their phagocytosis?
C3b
What increases vascular permeability?
Inflammation
What increases infiltration of inflammatory cells in tissues?
Inflammation
What 3 things are located within the major histocompatibility complex 3 region?
C4, C2, and factor B
Where are the C4BP, CD55, CD35, CD21, CD46, and factor H linked within?
The regulation of complement activation (RCA) cluster
What do complement components show in a population?
Multiple genetic variations
What represents the pattern of genetic variants in complement genes inherited by an individual?
Complotype
What to the complotypes influence?
An animals susceptibility to infections and inflammatory diseases
What allele expression is associated with low serum C4 levels, and the development of autoimmune poly arthritis in dogs?
C4-4
What is produced from a deletion of a single cytosine that leads to a frameshift and the generation of a premature stop codon?
Shortened C3 chain
What breed of dog is autosomal hereditary recessive C3 deficiency commonly seen in?
Brittany Spaniels
Dogs that are ________________ for the C3 deficiency trait have no detectable levels of C3, whereas _______________ animals have C3 levels that are approximately half normal
Homozygous
Heterozygous
How do heterozygous animals for C3 present?
Clinically normal
How do homozygous deficient animals present?
Increased susceptibility to bacterial infections
What breed of pig is the porcine factor H deficiency seen in?
Yorkshire
What type of trait is porcine factor H deficiency?
Autosomal recessive
_________________ deficiency are almost totally deficient in factor H, whereas _______________ have half the normal levels
Homozygous
Heterozygous
What deficiency in pigs is the following:
Affected piglets are healthy at birth and develop normal for a few weeks
They eventually fail to thrive, stop growing, become anemic, and die of renal failure
Porcine factor H deficiency
What deficiency has the following:
Been described in children, causes increased susceptibility to infection
Not yet described in animals
MBL deficiency
Congenital deficiencies of other complement components in lab animals or humans are not necessarily ______
Lethal
Individuals with C6 or C7 deficient have been described as ?
Quite healthy
Terminal complex formation may not be biologically ____________
Essential
