Communicable Diseases

Question 1

How are diseases caused by viruses are transmitted in humans

Answer 1

• inhalation of coughs and snnezes (Measles)
• exchange of bodily fluids or sex (AIDS caused by HIV)

Question 2

How are viral and fungi disease in plants transmitted

Answer 2

Fungi

• spores can be carried by wind
• in droplets falling from infectious plants after it rains

Viral

• contact with diseased plants.
• Insects eating diseases plants then healthy ones, passing on virus.
• Soil that infected plants have grown in are infectious

Question 3

How are bacterial diseases transmitted in human

Answer 3

• Bacteria living in dead animals that we eat that aren’t washed
• unprotected sex

Question 4

How are fungal diseases transmitted in humans

Answer 4

Infections from fungus

Question 5

How are protists diseases transmitted in humans

Answer 5

Protists are parasites, so can be spread by mosquitos sucking blood and laying eggs in your blood stream

Question 6

How can spread of disease be reduced?

Answer 6

Washing food
Avoiding contact with eyes or nose from hand
Protected sex
Good hygiene

Question 7

What are Pathogens

Answer 7

Pathogens are microorganisms that cause infectious disease. pathogens may be viruses, bacteria, protists or fungi. They may infect plants or animals and can be spread by direct contact, by water or by air

Question 8

How do bacteria harm you

Answer 8

Divide rapidly and produce toxins which can harm your tissues and cells

Question 9

How do virus’ harm people

Answer 9

They reproduce inside cells and explode them once your cells are filled up with virus’

Question 10

Describe bacteria

Answer 10

• They are very small cells (about 1/100th the size of your body cells), which reproduce rapidly
• They can make you feel ill by producing toxins that damage your cells and tissues

Question 11

Label and name what this is

Answer 11

Question 12

What are Viruses

Answer 12

• They are not cells, 1/100th the size of a bacterium
• They can produce rapidly in your body (like bacteria)
• They’ll live inside your cells and replicate themselves using the cells’ machinery to produce many copies of themselves
• the cell will eventually burst releasing all the new viruses
• This cell damage is what makes you feel ill

Question 13

What are protists

Answer 13

• most are Single-celled Eukaryotes

- Some are parasites

Question 14

What are parasites

Answer 14

Parasites live on or inside other organisms and can cause them damage. They are often transferred to the organism by a vector, which doesn’t get the disease itself- e.g. an insect that carries the protist

Question 15

What are fungi

Answer 15

• They come in different shapes
• some are single called, some have a body made up of hyphae (thread like structures)
• The hyphae can grow and penetrate human skin and the surface of plants, causing diseases
• The hyphae can grow spores, which can be spread to other plants and animals

Question 16

Describe how pathogens are spread

Answer 16

• Water: pathogens can live in water that may be dirty or contaminated, when animals or plants drink this water, the pathogen enters the body
• Air: some pathogens can be carried by the air or breathed in as water droplets containing the virus, infecting you this way
• Direct contact: Touching contaminated surfaces or skin, the pathogens live there and get passed on by direct contact

Question 17

Examples of how pathogens spread

Answer 17

• Cholera, bacterial infection, is spread through water
• Influenza virus, spread through coughs and sneezes, in the air
• athletes foot, fungal infection, spread through touching the same things as an infected person (towels and shower floors)