Cell Structure Flashcards

1
Q

Plant and animal cells are both ……….. cells

A

Eukaryotes

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2
Q

What is the point of the nucleus

A
  • The nucleus contains the cell’s genetic material (in the form of DNA)
  • controls the cell’s activities
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3
Q

What are ribosomes

A
  • The ribosomes are where proteins are made.
  • We sometimes call them the site of protein synthesis.
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4
Q

What is ‘cytoplasm’?

A
  • A jelly-like material containing nutrients and salts
  • where most chemical reactions take place
  • it contains enzymes that control these chemical reactions
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5
Q

What is the role of the mitochondria?

A
  • Mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration
  • so they release energy for the cell to use
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6
Q

What can be found in a plant cell but not an animal cell

A
  • cell wall
  • vacuole
  • chloroplasts
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7
Q

What are chloroplasts

A
  • Chloroplasts carry out the process of photosynthesis, which involves using light energy from the sun to make glucose.
  • The green pigment that absorbs the light energy is called chlorophyll. This is what makes plants green.
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8
Q

What is the vacuole

A
  • The vacuole is a large sac in the middle of the cell that contains a weak solution of sugars and salts (cell sap).
  • It helps maintain the structure and shape of the cell.
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9
Q

The cell wall is made up of…

A

cellulose: This makes it strong and allows it to maintain the shape of the cell.

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10
Q

Bacteria are classed as

A

A prokaryotic organisms

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11
Q

Are bacteria cells smaller or larger than animal cells

A

Smaller

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12
Q

Bacteria are multicellular or unicellular?

A

Unicellular (only consist of a single cell).

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13
Q

Do bacteria cells have a nucleus

A
  • They don’t have a ‘true’ nucleus
  • instead they have a singular circular strand of DNA
  • it floats freely in the cytoplasm
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14
Q

What are eukaryotic cells

A
  • more complex than prokaryotic cells
  • are animal and plant cells
  • eukaryotes are organisms that are made up of eukaryotic cells
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15
Q

What are prokaryotic cells

A
  • smaller and simpler than eukaryotic
  • e.g. bacteria
  • a prokaryote is a prokaryotic cell (single-celled organism)
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16
Q

What are plasmids

A

Small rings of DNA

17
Q

Label

A
18
Q

Label

A
19
Q

Label

A