Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathology > Common Pathology > Flashcards

Common Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

tumor

A

abnormal growth of body tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

neoplasm

A

another term for tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

malignant

A

cancerous tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

benign

A

noncancerous tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a tumor that has the ability to spread to other areas of body

A

malignant, benign can not spread

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is it called when primary cancer spreads to other tissues in body

A

cancer is metastasizing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how does a tumor occur

A

when cells divide excessively in body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

why are new cells created

A

to replace old cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the purpose of damaged cells dying

A

to make room for healthy replacements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

if the balance of cell division and death is disturbed, what is the result

A

a tumor may form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

from imaging stand point, how do we tell between malignant tumor or benign

A

no single standard for easily distinguishing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cancer

A

group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

another term for cancerous tumor

A

malignant neoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are causes of cancer

A

external and internal factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are some examples of external factors that cause cancer

A

radiation, chemicals, viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are some examples of internal factors that cause cancer

A

hormones, immune conditions, inherited mutations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

definition of carcinogenesis

A

formation of cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

meaning of carcin

A

cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

meaning of genesis

A

formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

primary cancer

A

malignant neoplasm which originated in the organ in which it is growing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are some common primary cancers

A

lung, breast, prostate, uterine, and ovarian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the order of common primary cancers

A

prostate, breast, lung, and colorectal cancers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

metastatic cancer

A

cancer that has spread from the place it originated to another place in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is a tumor that is formed by metastatic cancer cells called

A

a metastatic tumor or a metastasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the process by which cancer cells spread to other parts of the body

A

metastasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what name does metastatic cancer cancer receive

A

same name and same type of cancer cells as primary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what are examples of names of metastatic cancer

A

metastatic breast cancer (breast cancer that spread to lung)

28
Q

what is an easy way to tell if it is primary cancer or not

A

usually one large tumor

29
Q

what is a way to tell if its metastatic cancer

A

usually smaller tumors

30
Q

infection

A

invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues

31
Q

inflammation

A

localized accumulation of fluid in the tissues of an organ/structure

32
Q

what occurs in response to injury, infection, or irritation

A

inflammation

33
Q

abscess

A

localized collection of infection in any part of the body that causes swelling and inflammation in the surrounding tissues

34
Q

how do abscesses appear in sectional imaging

A

as a walled cavity filled with infected fluid, blood, and sometimes air

35
Q

ascites

A

fluid collection within the abdominal cavity, typically not infected

36
Q

if ascites becomes infected, what is it described as

A

peritonitis

37
Q

what is peritonitis

A

infection in peritoneum

38
Q

what is most common cause of ascites

A

liver disease (such as hepatitis)

39
Q

what does ascites look like on imaging

A

excessive fluid inside abdomen but outside of GI tract

40
Q

colitis

A

inflammation of the colon

41
Q

what is the cause of colitis

A

infection, inflammatory, lack of blood flow, and radiation therapy

42
Q

how is colitis appear on imaging

A

as inflammation in the bowel

43
Q

what are causes of boney injuries

A

fractures, dislocations

44
Q

how are boney injuries imaged

A

often coupled with other injuries visible in specialty imaging, such as hematomas and inflammation

45
Q

hematomas

A

aka bruise - is collection of blood outside a blood vessel

46
Q

what does oma stand for

A

tumor or collection

47
Q

what are the causes of a hematoma

A

an injury to wall of blood vessel allowing blood to leak out into tissues where it does not belong ( can be artery, vein or capillary)

48
Q

how do hematomas appear on sectional imaging

A

immobile and does not enhance w contrast

49
Q

organ lacerations

A

traumatic injuries to the hard organs of the body (specifically liver, spleen, and kidneys)

50
Q

what is the result of an organ laceration

A

bleeding and often inadequate blood supply to portions of the organ

51
Q

infarction

A

tissue deprived of blood supply

52
Q

how does imaging show organ laceration

A

does not show lacerations itself, but effects

53
Q

if organ infarcts occur, how much of the organ may it involved

A

entire organ (global) or portion (segmental)

54
Q

which organs are common with an organ infarcts

A

brain (TIA, CVA) heart (MI), liver, spleen, or kindeys

55
Q

how do organ infarcts look when imaged w contrast

A

shows areas of limited contrast perfusion in chronic/acute

56
Q

cysts

A

abnormal sac like structure that can be found anywhere in body

57
Q

what does a cysts usually contain

A

gaseous, liquid, or semisolid substance - has outer wall known as capsule

58
Q

how are cysts usually named

A

according to particular anatomic location (ovarian cysts, bladder cysts, breast cysts)

59
Q

ganglion cyst

A

cyst around a tendon - most commonly occurring around wrist

60
Q

baker’s cyst

A

cyst containing joint fluid that is located in popliteal space behind knee

61
Q

nabothian cyst

A

mucus filled cyst on the surface of the uterine cervix

62
Q

does a cyst enhance w contrast

A

no - but an abscess does

63
Q

aneurysms

A

abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery due to weakness in wall of blood vessel

64
Q

where do aneurysms commonly occur

A

abdominal aortic, cerebral, popliteal artery, and splenic artery

65
Q

what is the cause of aneurysms

A

high blood pressure, high cholesterol and cigarette smoking

66
Q

how does an aneurysms appear on imaging

A

appear and measure larger than a healthy, non diseased vessel

67
Q

what might surround a ruptured aneurysm

A

hematoma

Pathology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions