Common Oral Problems and Diseases in Lagomorphs and Rodents Flashcards
What are common problems in lagomorphs and rodents?
Gingivitis Periodontitis enamel hypomineralization/ hypoplasia Caries Tooth fracture Malocclusion Tongue entrapment Tooth overgrowth (elongation) Jaw abscess Cheek pouch impaction Stomatitis Oral tumors Slobbers
Gingivitis in the mouth of lagomorphs and rodents is found where?
In the rostral part of the mouth
What is gingivitis often caused by?
Trauma caused by rough edges on watering devices and food bowels
What is the treatment of gingivitis?
removal
Repair
Replacement of the device causing the trauma
What else can gingivitis be treated with if the lesions persist?
Multiple coats of tincture of myrrh & benzoin
Topical antibiotic ointment
Where is periodontitis typically found?
The cheek teeth of animals with brachyodont teeth (mice and rats)
What is the treatment of periodontitis?
Dental cleaning
Tooth extractions
Periodontitis may develop secondary to what?
Tooth elongation and/or tooth resorption in aradicular hypsodont cheek teeth of rabbits, chinchillas and guinea pigs
Where is hypomineralized or hypoplastic areas of enamel seen?
Incisor teeth
How does enamel hypomineralization/hypoplasia appear?
Chalky white or brown discoloration on the labial surface of the tooth
Enamel hypomineralization/hypoplasia generally result from what?
Nutritional imbalance
Infection
Inflammation
What is the treatment of enamel hypomineralization/hypoplaisa?
Correction of the initiating cause
Where are true caries lesions found?
In only the cheek teeth of rodents with brachyodont teeth
Why is detection of caries a challenge?
Because cheek teeth are hard to examine
What is the most common treatment of caries?
Extraction
What two categories is malocclusion classified into?
Traumatic and Atraumatic
Traumatic injuries to the teeth result in broken crowns which may cause what?
Overgrowth (elongation) of the opposing tooth due to the lack of normal attrition (tooth-to-tooth wear)
How is the overgrown opposing tooth treated?
With periodic odontoplasty (occlusal equilibration)
The initial treatment of fractured teeth involves an inspection to determine if the tooth’s pulp has been exposed. What is the treatment if the pulp has been exposed and the tooth shows no clinical or radiographic evidence of not being vital?
A vital pulp therapy should be performed to improve the chances of vitality and return to normal occlusion
What happens if the tooth is nonvital?
Eventually require extraction
What is caused by hereditary factors or by nutritional imbalances?
Atraumatic malocclusions
What form of atraumatic malocclusion is an autosomal recessive inheritance resulting in the maxillary incisor teeth failing to meet properly with the mandibular incisors?
Short maxillary diastema
What is the treatment of short maxillary diastema?
Control of the overgrowth with routine odontoplasy of the incisor teeth
What are the other two forms of a-traumatic malocclusion?
Genetic, nutritional, or abnormal mandibular excursion
Insufficient chewing from feeding the wrong diet
What occurs when the crowns of the mandibular cheek teeth elongate, pinning the tongue?
Tongue entrapment
Tongue entrapment is common in what species?
Guinea pigs
What is the treatment of tongue entrapment?
Trimming of the overgrown teeth
Routine odontoplasty
How is incisor tooth overgrowth treated and controlled?
Odontoplasty
Extraction
What can be a serious, life-threatening process?
Cheek tooth overgrowth
What does cheek teeth overgrowth result in?
Chronic inflammatory disease
- –Causes gradual weight loss
- –secondary health problems
How can cheek tooth overgrowth be controlled?
Odontoplasty
Antibiotics
Anti-inflammatories
Supportive care
How do teeth develop abscesses?
Periodontal or endodontic/periapical disease
What is the treatment of a jaw abscess?
Extraction of the diseased tooth
Excision of the abscess
Wound debridement, lavage, closure or marsupialization
Cheek pouch impaction results from what?
Food becoming impacted in the cheek pouches
What does cheek pouch impaction cause?
Mild buccal irritation
Stomatitis
What is the treatment of cheek pouch impaction?
Removal of the impacted material
Most cases of stomatitis are secondary to what?
Hypovitaminosis C
Hypovitaminosis C results in what?
Scurvy
Scurvy leads to what?
Gingivitis Periodontitis Oral hemorrhage Mobile or lost teeth Anorexia Loss of body weight
How is Stomatitis treated?
Vitamin C supplements
Supportive care
What kind of tumors have been reported in lagomorphs and rodents?
Odontogenic tumors
- –Odontoma
- –Pseudo-odontoma
- –Elodontoma
What kind of tumors have been reported in lagomorphs and rodents?
Odontogenic tumors
- –Odontoma
- –Pseudo-odontoma
- –Elodontoma
What is a condition that excess drooling saliva results in moist dermatitis and hair loss around the mouth, neck, and front limbs?
Slobbers
How is slobbers treated?
Control of the initiating disease
