Cognition And Memory Flashcards

1
Q

Cognition

A

Process of knowing and understanding

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2
Q

Memory

A

Formation of records of new experiences and use of information to guide subsequent activities

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3
Q

Perception

A

Ability to select those stimuli that require attention from the surrounding sensory environment and interpret them

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4
Q

Executive functions

A

Ability to plan, manipulate, and problem solve

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5
Q

What are some possible cognitive impairments?

A

Altered levels of consciousness

Memory loss and orientation deficits

Impaired attention

Impaired executive functioning

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6
Q

What are some examples of executive function dysfunction?

A

Poor self monitoring (no filter)

Perseveration (do something over and over again)

Poor decision making

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7
Q

What is attention?

A

Process for determining what sensations and experiences are relevant

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8
Q

If you have no attention then you have no what?

A

Information processing

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9
Q

How does attention result in making memories?

A

Attention=interpretation=processing=making memory

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10
Q

Selective attention

A

Able to focus on one thing (ignore background)

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11
Q

Sustained attention

A

Maintain attention for a long tume

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12
Q

Divided attention

A

Divide attention across stimuli

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13
Q

Alternating attention

A

Shift attention on demand

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14
Q

What is memory?

A

Perception that has been stored previously and can be called up later

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15
Q

How does memory work?

A

Starts with sensory memory then working memory then long term

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16
Q

What is working memory?

A

Maintains goal relevant information short term

17
Q

Where is working memory located?

A

Prefrontal and temporoparietal associative cortex

18
Q

What is declarative memory?

A

Easily verbalized recollections (conscious or explicit memory)

19
Q

Where is declarative memory located?

A

Lateral prefrontal and medial temporal cortex

20
Q

What is failure of declarative memory called?

A

Amnesia

21
Q

What is procedural memory?

A

Skills and habits (non conscious or implicit memory)

22
Q

Where is procedural memory located?

A

Frontal cortex, thalamus, and basal ganglia

23
Q

What two things make up declarative memory?

A

Episodic and semantic

24
Q

What are episodic memories?

A

Names and events

25
Q

What are semantic memories?

A

Facts

26
Q

What are the results of memory dysfunction?

A

Impacts safety

Can make independent living difficult

Impairs ability to learn

27
Q

What is post traumatic amnesia?

A

Period of time following trauma (or emergence from coma) when a patient is confused, agitated, or disoriented

28
Q

What does the time period of post traumatic amnesia correlate with?

A

Quantity of brain tissue destroyed

29
Q

What is orientation?

A

Asking questions (person, time, place, situation)

30
Q

What is the most important memory dysfunction technique?

A

Do no argue with patient

31
Q

What usually results post brain injury?

A

Negative personality changes

32
Q

How can fatigue be presented in a brain injury?

A

Sleep wake cycles

Poor endurance (tolerance for activity)

Exaggerated response to fatigue

33
Q

What are the ABCs of behavior modification?

A

Antecedents

Behaviors

Consequences

34
Q

Antecedents

A

Everything that occurs before the behavior (internal and external)

35
Q

How should you attempt to change behaviors post brain injury?

A

Clearly define behavior change with target behavior