CMA - CH 28 Key Terms - Hematology

Question 1

anisocytosis

Answer 1

marked variation in the size of cells

Question 2

basophils

Answer 2

granulocytic white blood cells that mediate inflammation, mediate the allergic-antigen response, and release histamine to increase inflammation. They are the least common of the white blood cells.

Question 3

C-reactive protein (CRP)

Answer 3

screening blood test for inflammation

Question 4

complete blood count (CBC)

Answer 4

set of hematologic tests consisting of hemoglobin, hematocrit, total white blood cell count including differential, total RBC count including indices, and platelets.

Question 5

eosinophils

Answer 5

granulocytic WBCs with red eosin-stained granules in the cytoplasm.

Question 6

erythrocytes (red blood cells) (RBCs)

Answer 6

red blood cells, one of the formed elements of blood

Question 7

erythrocyte indices

Answer 7

three equations that provide information about the sizes and hemoglobin content of RBCs. These include the mean corpuscular (cell) volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration.

Question 8

erythrocyte sendimentation rate (ESR)

Answer 8

measurement of how fast the red cells settle in a vertical sample of blood in one hour. AKA sed rate and ESR.

Question 9

erythropoietin

Answer 9

hormone that causes production of new red blood cells.

Question 10

hematocrit (Htc or crit)

Answer 10

percentage of RBCs within a specimen of anticoagulated whole blood.

Question 11

hematopoiesis

Answer 11

formation of blood cells

Question 12

hemoglobin (Hgb)

Answer 12

protein molecule within the RBC that transports oxygen. Also helps maintain pH of blood.

Question 13

hemoglobinopathies

Answer 13

inherited diseases resulting from the formation of one abnormal hemoglobin molecule within the normal chain of four.

Question 14

hypochromic

Answer 14

less color than normal

Question 15

leukocytes (white blood cells) (WBCs)

Answer 15

white blood cells, one of the formed elements of blood.

Question 16

lymphocyte

Answer 16

WBC within a dense non-segmented nucleus and lacking granules in the cytoplasm; functions to combat viruses and coordinate the immune response, making antibodies.

Question 17

macrocytic

Answer 17

term that describes a larger than normal cell

Question 18

microcytic

Answer 18

term that describes a smaller than normal cell

Question 19

monocytes

Answer 19

WBCs w/o cytoplasmic granules that have a large convoluted non-segmented nucleus; responsible for phagocytosis of pathogens and assisting in antibody formation.

Question 20

neutrophils

Answer 20

most common type of granulocytic white blood cell.

Question 21

normochromic

Answer 21

of normal color, in this case when referring to red blood cells.

Question 22

normocytic

Answer 22

term that describes a normal sized cell.

Question 23

protime

Answer 23

method of monitoring coagulation time

Question 24

reticulocyte (retic)

Answer 24

an erythrocyte that is released from the bone marrow before it is mature; retains some of its nucleus material.

Question 25

rouleaux

Answer 25

RBCs form aggregates that look like rolls or stacks of coins. This phenomenon is evident in inflammatory conditions.

Question 26

thrombocytes (platelets)

Answer 26

cellular fragments of megataryocyte; plays an important role in blood coagulation, hemostasis, and clot formation.

Question 27

thrombocytopenia

Answer 27

deficiency in platelets in blood which causes bleeding and slow blood clotting

Question 28

thrombocytosis

Answer 28

condition of too many platelets, which can result in blood clots.

Question 29

phagocytosis

Answer 29

Engulfing process performed by all WBCs; once material is captured it is destroyed by enzymes in the cells.