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Medical Terminology CH 6 > CMA - CH 24 Key Terms - Cardiac Procedures > Flashcards

CMA - CH 24 Key Terms - Cardiac Procedures Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

amplified

A

made larger or enlarged; the amplifier of the electrocardiograph enlarges the electrical impulse activity and the recording can be read more easily.

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2
Q

amplitude

A

amount, extent, size, abundance, or fullness.

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3
Q

angina pectoris

A

symptom of inadequate blood flow to the heart that is evidenced by pain in the chest, arm, neck, or a combination of these.

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4
Q

angiogram

A

series of x-rays of a blood vessel(s) after injection of a radiopaque substance.

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5
Q

arrhythmias

A

deviations from the normal pattern or rhythm of the heartbeat.

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6
Q

artifacts

A

the signal distortion that interferes with or obscures the interpretation of a study

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7
Q

augmented

A

to add or increase

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8
Q

baseline

A

known or initial measurement against which future measurements are compared; also, flat, horizontal line that separates the various waves of the ECG cycle.

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9
Q

bipolar

A

having two poles or processes

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10
Q

calibration

A

determination of the accuracy of an instrument by comparing the information provided with an accepted standard known to be accurate.

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11
Q

cardiac catheterization

A

passage of a catheter into the heart through an arm or leg vein and blood vessels leading into the heart. The purpose is to obtain cardiac blood samples, detect abnormalities, and determine intracardiac pressure. Contrast medium can be injected and a coronary artery angiogram can be performed.

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12
Q

cardiac cycle

A

period from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next succeeding beat, including systole and diastole. One complete heartbeat.

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13
Q

cardioversion

A

Conversion of a pathological cardiac rhythm (arrhythmia),

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14
Q

countershocks

A

application of an electric current to the heart directly or indirectly to alter a disturbance in cardiac rhythm.

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15
Q

defibrillation

A

stopping fibrillation of the heart by use of drugs or by physical means

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16
Q

defibrillator

A

machine that delivers an electric current to alter a disturbance in cardiac rhythm.

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17
Q

deoxygenated

A

blood that is high in carbon dioxide, low in oxygen, and pumped through the heart to the lungs where the carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen.

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18
Q

depolarization

A

process of reducing to a non-polarized condition. Generation of an electrical current is enhanced. Electrical activity genjerated when the atria or ventricles contract.

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19
Q

diastole

A

one component of blood pressure measurement representing the lowest amount of pressure exerted during the cardiac cycle; the force exerted on the arterial walls during cardiac relaxation.

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20
Q

electrocardiogram

A

record of electrical activity of the heart; showing P, QRS, and T waves.

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21
Q

electrocardiograph

A

instrument for recording electrical activity of the heart.

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22
Q

electrocardiography

A

process of recording the electrical activity originating of the heart.

23
Q

electrodes

A

AKA sensor. Used to conduct electricity from the body to the electrocardiograph.

24
Q

electrolyte

A

substance that conducts electricity whose components are important in maintaining fluid and acid-base balance.

25
Q

galvanometer

A

mechanism in the electrocardiograph that changes the voltage into a mechanical motion for recording purposes.

26
Q

Holter monitor

A

portable continuous recording of cardiac activity for a 24-hour period.

27
Q

implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)

A

an implantable device used for life-threatening arrhythmias. It’s purpose is to shock the heart out of the arrhythmia and into a more normal sinus rhythm.

28
Q

ischemia

A

local and temporary lack of blood to an organ or part caused by obstruction of circulation

29
Q

isoelectric

A

having equal electrical potentials. It is represented on the ECG as the flat horizontal line, the baseline.

30
Q

lead wires

A

conductor attached to an electrocardiograph. Consists of limb leads and chest leads.

31
Q

mounting

A

process of applying in sequence a portion of each of the 12 leads of the ECG recording onto commercially prepared mounting form or plain sheet of paper as part of the patient’s permanent record.

32
Q

myocardial infarction

A

heart attack; usually caused by a blockage of one or more of the coronary arteries.

33
Q

noninvasive

A

procedure that does not require penetrating the skin or a body opening.

34
Q

normal sinus rhythm

A

term used to describe the heart’s rhythm when it is within the normal range.

35
Q

oscilloscope

A

electronic device used for recording electrical activity of the heart, brain, and muscular tissues.

36
Q

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)

A

procedure that widens a narrowed or blocked coronary artery.

37
Q

precordial

A

pertaining to the area on the anterior surface of the body overlying the heart

38
Q

radiopharmaceutical

A

`radioactive chemicals used in testing the location, size, outline, or function of tissue, organs, vessels, or body fluids.

39
Q

repolarization

A

re-establishment of a polarized state in a muscle after contraction.

40
Q

rhythm strip

A

ECG recording of a single lead, usually lead II, that is used to determine the rhythm of the heartbeat. An arrhythmia can be more easily seen in a rhythm strip versus a 12-lead ECG tracing because it is run longer per provider’s request.

41
Q

sensors

A

term used to describe a metallic coated paper tab that is applied to the patient’s body in preparation for an ECG (also known as an electrode). Sensors are placed on specific locations on the skin, then attached to the ECG with wires. The sensors conduct electricity from the patient to the ECG machine.

42
Q

sinus bradycardia

A

A heart rate less than 60 beats per minute.

43
Q

sinus tachycardia

A

Heart rate faster than 100 BPM.

44
Q

sonographer

A

person professionally trained and capable of performing the ultrasound examination.

45
Q

stylus

A

heated, slender wire of the electrocardiograph that melts the wax off of the ECG paper during the recording.

46
Q

syncope

A

fainting

47
Q

systole

A

one component of blood pressure measurement representing the highest amount of pressure exerted during the cardiac cycle; the force exerted on the arterial walls curing cardiac contraction.

48
Q

test cable

A

accessory device that attaches between the Holter monitor and the electrocardiograph to check for correct waveform and lack of artifacts.

49
Q

thallium stress test

A

chemical element given intravenously and used in cardiac stress tests. The radioisotope localizes in the myocardium and a scanning device picks up the distribution of the thallium and can identify blockages in the coronary arteries. An accurate test for coronary artery disease.

50
Q

tracing

A

graphic record, usually of an event that changes with time, as with the electrical activity of the heart.

51
Q

transducer

A

device that converts one form of energy to another. During an ultrasound procedure, the transducer picks up echoes and converts them to electrical energy. The energy is transformed into digitalized images that can be viewed and printed. Photographs of the image can be taken.

52
Q

ultrasonography

A

process of placing a handheld transducer against a body area to be tested. The transducer sends sound waves through the skin and the various internal organs. When echoes are formed and sent back, the transducer converts them into electrical energy. This energy is transformed into a picture on a monitor or printed on paper. Photographs can be taken and become part of the patient’s permanent record.

53
Q

unipolar

A

having or pertaining to a one pole process.

Medical Terminology CH 6 (24 decks)

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